An ester wax is obtained by a condensation reaction of carboxylic acid and alcohol; wherein the carboxylic acid contains a single kind of saturated linear monocarboxylic acid having 14 to 30 carbon atoms as a main component, and the single kind of carboxylic acid is contained in a ratio of 60 wt % or more of the entire carboxylic acid; the alcohol contains a single kind of saturated linear monohydric alcohol having 14 to 30 carbon atoms or a single kind of polyhydric alcohol having 2 to 6 hydroxyl groups and having 2 to 30 carbon atoms as a main component, and when the monohydric alcohol is the main component, the monohydric alcohol is contained in a ratio of 60 wt % or more of the entire alcohol, and when the polyhydric alcohol is the main component, the polyhydric alcohol is contained in a ratio of 80 wt % or more of the entire alcohol; and the ester wax has an acid value of 3 mgKOH/g or less, and a hydroxyl value of 5 mgKOH/g or less, and a maximum peak temperature in a differential thermal curve is in a range from 55.degree. C. to 90.degree. C.
A silicone wax represented by the following formula (1), ##STR00001## wherein R.sup.1 is a group selected from the group consisting of alkyl groups having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, alicyclic groups, aryl groups, aralkyl groups and fluorinated alkyl groups; R.sup.2 is a group having a pentaerythritol polybehenate residue represented by the following formula (2), (CH.sub.2OCOC.sub.21H.sub.43).sub.mC(CH.sub.2O--X--).sub.4-m (2) wherein 1.ltoreq.m<4 or a group having a dipentaerythritol polybehenate residue represented by the following formula (3), O(CH.sub.2C).sub.2(CH.sub.2OCOC.sub.21H.sub.43).sub.n(CH.sub.2--X--).sub.- 6-n (3) wherein 1.ltoreq.n<6, --X-- in the formulae (2) and (3) being any one of the following moieties, --R.sup.3--, --COR.sup.4--, wherein R.sup.3 is a C.sub.3-C.sub.8 alkylene group or a cycloalkylene group, R.sup.4 is a C.sub.4-C.sub.20 aliphatic or alicyclic group having at least one group selected from the group consisting of carboxyl, carbonyloxy and hydroxyl groups, p, q, r and s each is a number with 0.ltoreq.p.ltoreq.200, 0.ltoreq.q.ltoreq.200, 0.ltoreq.r.ltoreq.3, and 0.ltoreq.s.ltoreq.3, provided that 0.ltoreq.p+q.ltoreq.200 and 1.ltoreq.q+r+s.
The invention provides liquid electrographic toner compositions comprising a liquid carrier having toner particles dispersed in the liquid carrier. The liquid carrier has a Kauri-Butanol number less than about 30 mL. The toner particles comprise polymeric binder comprising at least one amphipathic copolymer comprising one or more S material portions and one or more D material portions. The toner composition additionally comprises a wax component associated with the toner particle, wherein the wax component and the amphipathic copolymer each comprise at least one of a Lewis acid and a Lewis base pair in an amount sufficient to form weak, reversible intermolecular non-covalent bonds resulting from acid/base interactions between the wax component and the amphipathic copolymer.These toner particles can exhibit excellent final image durability characteristics, and can also provide toner compositions that provide excellent images at low fusion temperatures on a final image receptor.
Dry electrographic toner compositions are provided comprising a plurality of dry toner particles, wherein the toner particles comprise polymeric binder comprising at least one amphipathic copolymer comprising one or more S material portions and one or more D material portions. The dry electrographic toner composition comprises a wax associated with the dry toner particles, wherein substantially all of the wax is associated with the toner particle at the surface thereof. Methods of making electrographic toner compositions are also provided comprising preparing polymeric binder particles comprising at least one amphipathic copolymer comprising one or more S material portions and one or more D material portions, preparing toner particles, drying the toner particles, and milling the dry toner particles in the presence of a wax component to provide a dry toner particle composition having the wax associated with the toner particles. These toner compositions provide images having excellent durability and erasure resistance properties at low fusion temperatures and with little undesired offset.
