Photographs of the integral type, exhibiting the effect of parallax about both horizontal and vertical axes, are recorded on a spherically lenticulated film, or on a spherically lenticulated screen-film combination, by means of a modified type of camera. Light is admitted to the film by way of a rectangular aperture in the front of the camera instead of through the usual photographic objective lens. If the camera is held stationary during an exposure, the resulting photograph is pseudoscopic instead of stereoscopic. A feature of the present invention involves lateral movement of the camera during an exposure with the effect that the resulting photograph is stereoscopic instead of pseudoscopic.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This application is a division of co-pending U. S. Pat. Application Ser. No. 747,996 now Pat. No. 3,613,539, filed July 26, 1968 for "Improvements in Integral Photography" in the name of the present inventor.
A lenticular composing screen focusses a number of two dimensional pictures each as a series of horizontally condensed and horizontally separated image strips and the image strips of the several pictures are uniformly spaced so that blank spaces normally would appear between them. A light diffusing screen receives these strips and a viewing screen allows observers to receive composite images of different pictures in the left and right eyes. The composing screen is vibrated harmonically so that each image strip is shifted from its normal position to a position filling the blank space to one side of it, the harmonic motion assuring that the two positions of each image strip are temporarily stationary while intermediate positions are swept so rapidly as to be undetected by the observer while, at the same time, the integrating or memory characteristics of the human eye retain the temporarily stationary images being observed.
A stereoscopic camera for taking a stereoscopic picture of a three dimensional object on a photographic film carrying a lenticular film. The camera has a positive objective having a focal length as long as 1.0 to 4.0 m. An image inverting optical element consisting of a number of dove prisms arranged in parallel and light intercepting plates interposed between the dove prisms is located immediately behind the positive objective for right-left invertion of the image. A taking lens is located immediately behind the image inverting optical element for focusing an image in the camera in the vicinity of the photographic film. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, a field lens of a focal length equal to or longer than that of the taking lens is located immediately in front of the photographic film.
Lens systems and an array of lenses for reproduction, capture and display of three dimensional images. The arrays generally fall into two categories. The first type of array uses air as the low-index material. This type of array may be used, for example, in illuminated displays electronic image detection, machine vision, and real-time 3D video capture. A second type of array uses a fluoropolymer as the low-index material, and conveys a great preponderance all incident light to the image plane.
A lens system which has a first optical boundary with a radius of curvature R, a second optical boundary located substantially a distance R from the first boundary, and a third optical boundary nearer to the second optical boundary than R. Secondly, a lens system providing optical field limitation using total internal reflection. Also, an array of lenses for reproduction, capture and display of three dimensional images discussed.
A lens system which has a first optical boundary with a radius of curvature R, a second optical boundary located substantially a distance R from the first boundary, and a third optical boundary nearer to the second optical boundary than R. Secondly, a lens system providing optical field limitation using total internal reflection. Also, an array of lenses for reproduction, capture and display of three dimensional images discussed.
