A method for centering a crosshead extrusion die to a tip by fixing the positions of the tip and die while a sizing probe is inserted into the tip and die.

A segment for lining cavities, in particular tunnels, includes a substantially shell-shaped body bounded by an inner face, an outer face and side faces, with at least one opening in a side face for the purpose of receiving a dowel. The opening being configured as a substantially cylindrical bore into which projects a tube of limited deformability. A gap being provided between the outer circumference of the tube and the wall of the bore.

A insulated building block for providing insulation to a structure. The insulated building block includes a member has top and bottom faces, and front and back faces. The member has a spaced apart pair of insulation spaces extending therethrough between the top and bottom faces of the member. The member has at least one vent space extending therethrough between the top and bottom faces of the member. The vent space is interposed between the insulating spaces and the front face of the member.

A hollow building block filled with insulation is shaped as a pair of proximal but offset rectangles thereby to form steps at diagonal corners for fitting adjoining blocks together. A continuous insulation effect is obtained because the insulation in each rectangle extends beyond that of its proximal rectangle and overlaps with the insulation in the proximal rectangle of each adjoining block. Aligning holes and reinforcing grooves are provided for rapidly constructing strong structures from the blocks.

A building system for the basic structure of a one-story, modular, temporary building, constructed primarily of fire-resistant materials, comprising: a foundation of poured, leveled concrete, having regularly spaced holes for vertical block assembly rods and/or columns; a plurality of wall blocks of standardized size(s) each block having one or more vertical block assembly holes running entirely through the said blocks; a plurality of block assembly rods and/or block assembly columns such that when a column of one or more wall blocks is placed on the foundation with the foundation and block holes aligned one or more block assembly rods and/or columns can be run through the block column and into the foundation thereby rendering an assembly of block(s), rod(s) and foundation that does not require mortar and is easy to disassemble; framing comprised of sloped top plates for a first set of parallel wall sections, spanning angle irons mounted to and perpendicular to the said sloped top plates, an optional steel I-beam major spanning beam(s) parallel to the said spanning angle irons, optional minor supporting pillars, optional major supporting pillars, optional vertical roof and foundation joining elements, optional angle irons assembled around the inside perimeter of the top of the wall sections and being joined to said wall sections; and a plurality of roof modules comprised of standardized lengths of steel ribbed decking, insulating panels, and a membrane; all such that when the aforesaid elements are assembled, the building is functionally one structural unit, can serve for decades, and can be easily disassembled and the components thereof reused. The building system further comprises standardized engineering and architectural techniques and processes such as to efficiently render designs of specific buildings having a floor plan comprised of one or more rectangular sections such that each rectangular section can have a range of dimensions, thereby facilitating specific building designs that can be fitted together with existing one-story buildings of various dimensions with the result of a larger structure that is functionally one building, and is serviceable for uses such as warehousing.