Disclosed is a process for forming an uninterrupted coating of uniform thickness on the inside of a length of tubing which comprises the steps of forming a loop of tubing with a downwardly inclined portion and an upwardly inclined portion; filling the cavity of the tubing forming the loop with a coating liquid; transporting the tubing along its longitudinal axis in a substantially vertically upward direction to coat the inside of the tubing, above the level of the coating liquid, with an initial layer of coating material; constricting the tubing to lay partially flat along a narrow zone running transverse to the direction of transportation above the level of the coating liquid to retain the greater part of the coating liquid in the constriction zone and form a thin layer of coating liquid of desired thickness on the inside; of the tubing issuing from the constriction zone; filling the cavity of the tubing issuing from the constriction zone with support gas; and exposing the tubing to the action of heat at a sufficiently high temperature to fuse the coating layer to the inside of the tubing and form an uninterrupted film of uniform thickness on the inside of the tubing. Also disclosed is an apparatus for carrying out the process of the present invention.
In the production of a transportable, multilayery tube (1) with a gas-impermeable outer layer (2) and at least one layer (3) impregnated with a curable resin (11) and made of a composite fiber material (4) to line pipe conduits and sewer systems, using subatmospheric pressure and rollers (7,8) between which is formed at least one nip (6) through which to feed tube (1), to even out and accelerate the impregnation, at first still unimpregnated tube (1) is fed from below into nip (6) and air is evacuated from unimpregnated section (1a) of tube (1). In doing so, liquid resin (11) is brought into full opening (1d), at first still open, of tube (1) and is dammed up by nip (6). Then tube (1) is taken off nip (6) with an upward-oriented component at such a speed that the border between impregnated and unimpregnated sections (1a or 1b) of tube (1) is essentially retained in the area of nip (6), and that then tube (1) finally is taken off through at least one other nip (36, 38, 39) and collected on a transport device (30).
Disclosed is a conveying device for conveying a tubing and a fluid contained therein. Also disclosed is an apparatus for internally coating a flexible tubing, wherein the apparatus includes the disclosed conveying device.
A tubular packaging casing, in particular sausage casing, including a cellulose base layer and a barrier layer against steam and atmospheric oxygen, which is free from chlorine. The barrier layer includes random copolymer based on copolymerized vinyl monomers. The vinyl monomers correspond to the general formula CH.sub.2 .dbd.CR.sup.1 --X, wherein R.sup.1 denotes a methyl group or hydrogen, and X denotes a (--OCOR.sup.2) group or a (--CO.sub.2 R.sup.2) group, with R.sup.2 denoting an alkyl group having 1 to 20, preferably 1 to 10, and in particular 1 to 5 carbon atoms. In a further embodiment, the copolymer also includes copolymerized vinyl monomers of the above formula except that X denotes a (CO.sub.2 H) group or a (CN) group.
Described is a tubular artificial sausage casing based on fiber-reinforced cellulose which shows, in the completely soaked state as compared to the state prior to soaking in water, an increase in length of from about 0.8 to 2.5% and a transverse shrinkage of from about 2.5 to 5.2%. Preferably, the change of diameter of the casing at the same change of pressure in the range above 20 kPa is approximately equal for the completely soaked state and for a moisture content of from about 22 to 27% by weight. In a preferred embodiment, the sausage casing can be filled with sausage meat without being previously soaked in water and, for this purpose, has a moisture content of from about 22 to 27% by weight and a glycerol content of from about 17 to 20% by weight, in each case based on its total weight, and is provided with a fungicide on its outside surface. Described also is the production of the sausage casing according to the viscose process, in which the tube comprised of cellulose hydrate gel shrinks from about 2 to 10% in the longitudinal direction and is strongly expanded in the transverse direction during the final drying process.
The present invention intends to realize a non-washing rice presenting a good taste by performing the pressure rice washing under the most appropriate conditions in correspondence to the polished rice to be washed. Said problems are solved by a non-washing rice manufacture apparatus, comprising a pressure rice washing means for washing polished rice by intermediate of water and air, a rinsing dehydrating means for removing water adhered to the polished rice passed through the pressure rice washing process, a moisture adjustment means for drying polished rice passed through rinsing dehydrating and adjusting the moisture content thereof to a predetermined value, and a rice washing intensity adjustment means for controlling as desired the intensity of rice washing in the pressure rice washing process according to the conditions that the polished rice presents; wherein said rice washing intensity adjustment means is composed of a rice washing pressure adjustment means for controlling as desired the pressure to the polished rice in said pressure rice washing means.
