An infrared afocal lens assembly for providing an observed magnified IR ie scene with a field of view and a substantially less temperature dependent performance. The assembly includes a collecting lens, focusing lens subassembly, an intermediate focal plane, an eyepiece lens subassembly, and an aperture stop. A wide field of view lens subassembly may be used about the focusing lens subassembly. All lenses are made of either GaAs or ZnS, and all lenses are either single lens or doublets.

The present invention provides a fiber optic lens assembly and method of mounting a lens array in the same. The fiber optic lens assembly includes a housing including a lens mounting aperture formed therein. The housing includes at least one feature adjacent the lens mounting aperture. A lens array is positioned within the lens mounting aperture and adjacent the feature. At least one biasing member is positioned adjacent the lens array. The biasing member forces the lens array against the featur...

A viewfinder device for viewing the interior of dark, inaccessible areas and environments, such as the chamber of a vertical cassette elevator or load lock used in semiconductor wafer fabricating systems, consisting of three housing sections forming a displaced optical path from the interior of the chamber on which the device is mounted through a viewport on the chamber to a viewfinder and viewing lens at the observing end of the device. The first housing section is mounted on a suitable rotater...

An optical polarizer including a polarizing beam splitter including first and second transparent elements separated by a layer of a birefringent material, the layer of the birefringent material being operative to change the polarity of light passing therethrough, the polarizing beam splitter being operative to receive a beam of unpolarized light at the first transparent element, to cause a first beam of light of a first polarity to undergo total internal reflection at an interface between the fi...

A method to create a holographic projection adjusts both for relatively sl and relatively large head movements of the human viewer. Basically, the method includes sending sequences of images on an optical path from a projector to an eyebox array, the images in the sequences being views of the object from different angles. In the method's first step, the sequences of images are sent to a quasi-cylindrical mirror having two or more arcuate zones. Each zone corresponds to a particular range of view...

A lamp device includes a light bulb secured to a lamp base and a lamp shade having one or more hooks for engaging with the lamp base and for allowing the lamp shade to be easily disengaged from the lamp base. The lamp base includes a shell extended downward from the bottom peripheral portion for forming an annular groove between the lamp base and the shell and for engaging with the hooks. A projection extends into the annular groove for engaging with the hooks and for allowing the lamp shade to ...

A photolithograhic method and apparatus for exposure of a spherical shaped semiconductor substrate according to a mask pattern of a primary spherical object mask in the manufacture of a spherical semiconductor device is disclosed. A secondary mask is provided, the secondary mask having stored therein a hologram recorded from the primary spherical object mask and containing spherical mask pattern information. The spherical shaped semiconductor substrate is then positioned with respect to the seco...

An optical system provides high-contrast operation by collecting zero order light. The optical system comprises a light modulator and a collector. The light modulator is preferably a grating light valve.TM. light modulator including a plurality of elements selectively operable in a first mode and a second mode, wherein a gap between adjacent elements is equal to or less than a wavelength of an incident light beam. The plurality of elements in the first mode reflect light along a return path, whe...

The invention concerns a photonic device comprising a first section including a material adapted to interact with photons, a second section including a material adapted to interact with photons, with an area of said first section and an area of said second section abutting each other wherein at least a part of said first area and a part of said second area defines a low temperature bonding area to provide adaptability for a plurality of applications based on a combination of materials having spe...

An optical network may include a detector for detecting the power of each of a plurality of channels of a wavelength division multiplexed optical signal in one embodiment of the present invention. Each channel may be conveyed to an interface underneath a detector by way of a core formed in the substrate. The interface may include a trench with one side surface angled to form a reflector to reflect light upwardly to be detected by the detector. The trench may be filled with a convex microlens.