A system for automatically sampling fog-water at a known rate, for determng the electrical conductivity, and for retaining fog-water samples for additional related study. The conductivity of the collected water is used to estimate total salt content of the fog and/or air, which determines the availability of salts to act as the condensation nuclei for fog and haze.

A swept frequency measuring system is provided with an electronic counter for measuring the frequency of the sweeping signal from a sweeping signal generator, at a predetermined point in the sweep indicated by a marker. Upon the occurrence of a marker, the counter starts counting the frequency of the signal while the sweeping signal generator continues to sweep. After a predetermined interval, the counter stops counting for a second predetermined interval and, then, during a third predetermined ...

A system for scanning a code symbol consisting of a combination of spaced parallel bars affixed to an object for providing coded information related to the object. A flat panel defines a scanning region adjacent the panel for receiving objects having the code symbol. Light transmissive areas in the panel surface define a "double X bar" pattern consisting of a predetermined configuration of five bars, such as shown in the Drawing. A laser beam is sequentially scanned at an acute angle to the pane...

A gyromagnetic resonance spectrometer employing a spinning sample in a magnetic field, the spinning sample being affixed to a gas driven turbine which is supported by a gas bearing. Means are provided for firmly holding and centering the sample at more than one axial position thereby aligning the sample tube with the turbine axis irrespective of variations in sample tube diameter and straightness.

The system includes two conductive sensors to be placed in contact with a body which exhibits voltage changes, such as the leaves of a plant. The sensors are connected to an amplifier having high input impedance and connected with positive feedback and providing good common mode rejection. The amplifier output, in response to voltage changes sensed by the sensors, drives a coil having an iron core, and current flow through the coil is sensed by a utilization device, which, in one arrangement, co...

A semiconductor electroluminescent device includes a body having a pair of spaced end surfaces, at least one of which is capable of emitting light generated in the body and a recombination region in the body extending from one end surface to the other end surface. The body also includes a pair of spaced contacting surfaces which are approximately perpendicular to the end surfaces. On one of the contacting surfaces is a stripe contact which includes a plurality of spaced, parallel electrically co...

A control system is described for converting the output current of a photosensitive image detector to an image location voltage of predetermined first and second levels in response to the image detector receiving high and low levels of light, respectively. The image location voltage is developed by passing the output current from the image detector, as well as a selectively variable control current, through an impedance such that increases and decreases in the amplitude of the control current re...

A useful current component of an electro-optical coupling element is increased by providing a synthetic resin coupling medium having an adhered unitary encapsuling mass composed of the identical synthetic resin forming the coupling medium and containing therein a radiation reflecting material, such as titanium dioxide and a radiation impermeable material, such as aluminum bronze.

An automated sample changer, controlled by gas fluidic circuitry, integrated with a Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectrometer provides a means for sequentially transferring samples to and from such spectrometer without an attendant to control such transfer. Such a changer comprises a means for holding a series of samples, a robot arm cooperating with such holding means and disposed in alignment with the sample receiving tube of an NMR spectrometer, a gas fluidic circuit to sense the required...

In a method for the automatic adjustment of semiconductor wafers, adjustment marks are arranged on the surface of the wafer to be adjusted. Light is emitted through a transparent body with an attached mask. The transparent body and mask are displaced so that adjustment patterns on the mask are aligned with respect to the wafer adjustment patterns. A shutter below the mask ensures that only light beams which pass through the adjustment patterns of the mask hit the surface of the semiconductor waf...