A method of determining a position of a coolant nozzle relative to a rotating grinding wheel removing material from a work-piece and an apparatus for practicing the method are disclosed. The method includes the step of disposing a coolant nozzle having a base and a distal end for adjustable movement relative to the grinding wheel and the work-piece. The distal end of the coolant nozzle can be moved in a first plane normal to an axis of the grinding wheel along a first arcuate path centered on a ...

A substrate polishing apparatus for polishing a polishing surface of a substrate has a film thickness monitoring device for monitoring a state of a film thickness of a thin film on the polishing surface of the substrate during polishing. The apparatus includes a table, a polishing member fixed on a surface of the table, a substrate support member for pressing the substrate onto the polishing member, an optical system composed of an optical fiber for irradiating the polishing surface of the subst...

The invention relates to a method of manufacturing a surgical instrument having a rotatable shaft 2 and a working part 1 disposed thereon, the working part having at least one cutting edge, wherein the shaft 2 and the working part 1 are made of oxide ceramics, characterized in that for the manufacturing of the contour of the instrument, a rough grinding using a grinding tool having a grain size between 40 .mu.m and 110 .mu.m is performed, and subsequently, a fine grinding of the cutting edges us...

A factory, an apparatus, and methods of using an in situ finishing information for finishing workpieces and semiconductor wafers are described. Changes or improvements to cost of manufacture of a workpiece using in-process cost of manufacture information, tracked in-process cost of manufacture information, or cost of manufacture parameters are discussed. Appreciable changes to quality or cost of manufacture of a workpiece using tracking, using in-process tracked information, networks including a...

A hand held retractable abrasive sharpener having a rod formed with a tapered end portion and a partially cylindrical opposite end portion. A part of the partially cylindrical opposition end portion is flat. A slot is formed in the rod. Substantially all of the outer surfaces include layers of the rod have an abrasive material. The rod is carried in a carrying case for transport and storage in a locked relationship and being capable of being released and withdrawn for sharpening with carrying ca...

The present invention discloses a grinding brush fixing device applying to a pneumatic tool for surface treatment. The spacing between the fixing arms and arc plates of the brush holder is reduced. Thereby, the press-fit face of the axially-extending fixing arm can press the brush collar onto the first press-fit edge and second press-fit edge, which are at two sides of the notches between two axially-extending arc plates. Further, a flexible gasket is radially placed in a space between the fixin...

A work having a portion to be ground, such as a tapered surface, is ground by a grinder driven by a driving device. During grinding operation, coolant is supplied to a grinding surface of the grinder and the portion to be ground. After the grinding operation is completed, the coolant is continued to be supplied for removing sludge on the grinder while the grinder is leaving the work and returning to its original position. The coolant may be pressurized to a higher level when it is supplied for r...

This apparatus includes a unit for adhering an elastic seal to a lens holder, a unit for causing the lens holder, to which the elastic seal is adhered, to hold a lens, a pivotal arm, an arm driving unit for pivoting the pivotal arm, a clamp unit attached to the pivotal arm to be vertically movable to hold the lens holder, and a clamp driving unit for vertically moving the clamp unit. The pivotal arm is pivoted to sequentially adhere the elastic seal to the lens holder and hold the lens by the le...

A polishing head for polishing machines, in particular for polishing optical surfaces, has a polishing plate that is connected to a rotationally drivable drive shaft. The polishing plate is articulated to, and rotates with, the drive shaft. A ball hexagonal socket joint provides the articulated connection. Rotating by means of the articulated connection, the polishing plate can follow the surface of the workpiece to be processed, so that the polishing covering on the polishing plate always rests...

The invention relates to a low load swinging mechanism for a sander. The sander includes a roller unit that has a positioning base provided with two sliding rails for contacting with a connecting member of a sliding base. The sliding rail has an arc surface and the connecting member possesses a corner groove recessed with a certain angle, so that the surface of the corner groove is to contact linearly with the arc surface of the sliding rail to reduce a great abrasion resistance as the sliding b...