A terpeneless essential oil is obtained by a method which involves: (a) Molecularly distilling the crude oil to remove non-volatile materials; (b) adsorbing the volatile components on neutral alumina previously treated with ethyl acetate; and (c) securing essentially complete separation of terpenes from the desired oxygenated constituents by successive elution of the alumina with (i) a terpenophilic solvent (e.g., pentane) to remove the terpenes, and (ii) an oxygenated solvent (e.g., ethanol) to...

The present invention provides a process for production of a cyclic ester by depolymerization of an aliphatic polyester. In the process, a mixture containing the aliphatic polyester and a specific polyalkylene glycol ether, which has a boiling point of 230-450.degree. C. and a molecular weight of 150-450, is heated under normal or reduced pressure to a temperature at which depolymerization of the aliphatic polyester takes place. Then, a substantially homogeneous solution phase, consisting of the...

In the process for the purification of crude acrolein which comprises feeding crude acrolein containing at least water as an impurity and an extraction agent into a distillation column, condensing the vapor phase anhydrous acrolein formed at the head of the column, recycling part of the condensate into the column as reflux, withdrawing that part of the condensate not recycled as end-product, withdrawing from the base of the column, a liquid phase consisting essentially of a mixture of extraction...

A highly pure nitrogen trifluoride having a carbon tetrafluoride content of 10 ppm or less can be effectively obtained by boiling crude liquid nitrogen trifluoride having carbon tetrafluoride contaminant under a pressure ranging from 35 to 45 atm, to remove carbon tetrafluoride therefrom through vaporization.

Ethanol is concentrated from ethanol-water mixtures by extraction or extractive distillation with a solvent which is a cyclic ketone of at least seven carbons or cyclic alcohol of at least eight carbons such a cyclohexylcyclohexanone or cyclohexylcyclohexanol. In the extractive distillation process, a first overheads is produced which can be made to be steam with minimal ethanol content and a second overhead is produced which can be made to be essentially pure ethanol. The preferred solvents are...

This invention describes a method for thermally stabilizing sterols to permit economic recovery of the sterols present in a sterol containing source material.

A process for reclaiming a photographic coupler from an aqueous oil-in-water emulsion of a coupler solvent oil having an oil-soluble photographic coupler dissolved therein comprising separating the coupler solvent oil containing the photographic coupler dissolved therein from the aqueous oil-in-water emulsion, and subjecting the separated coupler solvent oil containing the photographic coupler dissolved therein to a high vacuum molecular distillation whereby only the coupler solvent oil is remov...

Hydrogen fluoride is effectively removed from a mixture of hydrogen fluoride, dichloromethane, chlorofluoromethane and/or difluoromethane by distilling the mixture so that two-component azeotropic mixtures of hydrogen fluoride and dichloromethane, hydrogen fluoride and chlorofluoromethane and hydrogen fluoride and difluoromethane are removed, or by liquid-separating the mixture into an upper liquid phase rich in hydrogen fluoride and a lower liquid phase not rich in hydrogen fluoride before each...

A process for producing methanesulfonyl fluoride involves reacting methanesulfonyl chloride, a metal fluoride and water to obtain a reaction product, subjecting the reaction product to distillation in the presence of water in an amount of 0.7 times or more the amount of the methanesulfonyl chloride to obtain a distillate. The distillate has a water layer and a methanesulfonyl fluoride layer. The distillate is subjected to phase separation to separate the methanesulfonyl fluoride layer from the w...

The present invention provides a process to recover esters of mercapto acids from solutions containing water by mixing an extraction mixture comprising cycloalkane, arene, and an aqueous inorganic salt solution with an ester of mercapto acid and water solution followed by separating and distilling the resultant organic phase to recover the ester of mercapto acid.