A guard ring for controlling size of a sprinkler column of liquid streams from a sprinkler head in an electrostatic spraying system is connected through a large resistor to ground. This provides an interaction between the liquid sprinkler column and the ring which tends to constrict the size of the column of sprinkled liquid and reduce the likelihood of the column spreading out and engaging sides of a receptacle used for receiving the liquid. The ring does not require power.

An improved energy converting and electric power generating system for electrostatic spray apparatus for coating systems adapted to convert the kinetic energy available in a moving air stream into electrical power.

The invention provides a method of generating a high voltage in an electrostatic powder coating gun with a high-voltage generator having a transformer and a high-voltage cascade arrangement. The primary coil of the transformer is fed with an a.c. supply voltage operating at a working frequency. During operation of the coating gun, the frequency of the supply voltage is continuously varied about the working frequency, the current intensity of the primary coil current of the transformer is also co...

A hand-manipulable electrostatic spray gun is disclosed which is one requiring no electric cable attached to it. Within the hand-manipulable spray gun an air turbine is driven at high speed in the order of 60,000 rpm and drives directly an alternator to generate an alternating voltage in the order of 50 volts at about 1000 Hz. The output of this alternator is supplied to a step-up transformer to achieve a secondary voltage in the order of 2500 volts. From here, it is supplied to a long chain ser...

An improved power supply for an electrostatic spray gun device having a voltage multiplier circuit adjusts to variations in the output load conditions of the multiplier circuit and dynamically modifies the operational loadline of the multiplier circuit in order to maintain optimal operating conditions for the spray gun device notwithstanding output load variations. The power supply utilizes a loadline manipulation circuit coupled to a feedback circuit that monitors the output load, and the manip...

Electrostatic spraying apparatus wherein the liquid supply to the spray nozzle 20 is via a mechanical valve operated by an actuating member 12. Actuating member 12 is connected to a remote operating lever 3, which is preferably electrically conductive, via a connecting member 41 including an elastically extensible portion, e.g. a spring 39. Connecting member 41 is electrically conductive thus providing an electrical connection from lever 3 to the spray head.

A bonding member is provided, including, a ceramic member having a concave portion, a metal member having a convex portion corresponding to the concave portion of the ceramic member. A first bonding material joins a bottom portion of the concave portion of the ceramic member and a tip portion of the convex portion of the metal member. The first bonding material has a porous structure, including particles and a brazing filler metal, and covers a corner between tip and side portions of the metal m...

In a method and a device for redundant transmission of protection commands between remote tripping devices (1, 8), useful information which represents a protection command or a rest signal is transmitted by a first remote tripping device (1) in at least two time slots via a first interface (2) to a first multiplexer (3), and is transmitted via different transmission paths (4, 5) by the multiplexer (3) based on the time slots. A second multiplexer (6) receives the useful information via the diffe...

A charge electrode structure for electrostatic ink jet systems comprises a series of dielectric laminates having planar electrode laminates therebetween and openings therethrough for passage of the ink jet stream approximately normal to the plane of the electrodes. The electrodes for the same stream are electrically interconnected and energizeble to form a charging field similar to that of a tubular charge electrode parallel to the stream.

In a process for the electrographic recording of images on an insulating recording substrate by means of a corona discharge the imagewise charging is carried out by means of a recording electrode which is in contact with the recording substrate the electrical contact between the recording electrode and insulating recording substrate being established by means of a conductive contact liquid.