A plurality of subscriber stations and a plurality of switching points are connected in series in a loop circuit transmitting signals in one direction, parallel line sections disposed in parallel with the loop circuit are each connected with two switching points and each switching point contains a switch controlled by a failure detector and adapted for switching between a loop circuit section and a parallel line section. The transmission direction of the parallel line sections corresponds to the...

A digital time division multiplex (TDM) telecommunication network is described wherein subscriber terminals are connected to a closed TDM loop which forms branch loops appropriately routed to remote subscriber groups or network sections. The branch loops may be bypassed by a connecting device in the event of a fault.

A jar cap dispenser where products such as jars of instant coffee, tea or any other material that is to be dispensed in prescribed amounts. There is provided a member to be screwed onto the threaded neck of a jar or container, and wherein a portion or member is rotatably connected to the first member so that by properly positioning the parts, predetermined amounts of material can be dispensed from the jar or container.

In a multiplex signalling system for two-way data transmission over a single transmission line, the line is configured as a loop terminating at each end at a central or control station, thereby furnishing two communication paths between the central station and each of a plurality of remote stations distributed along the line. Transmission of signals from the central station and reception of signals at the control station are duplicated at the line ends so that an open line fault can readily be i...

A data bus system having enhanced survivability includes a plurality of serially connected active terminals which may be configured in a user access mode to service users coupled thereto or a diagnostic mode during which the terminals undertake an analysis of the condition of the system and a determination is made of the optimum available system configuration. Complementary redundant transmission paths extend between each terminal and the terminal adjacent together with a bypass transmission pat...

In an exemplary embodiment, a ring net work is of a multiple petal configuration with the petal path to and from each node extending through a petal isolator at a hub location. A set of terminals is provided at the hub location for each node. An activity detector is coupled to a terminal of each set for detecting the normal network signals returning from a respective node, and a bypass controller is connected to another terminal of each set for sensing such signals transmitted to a respective no...

The present invention relates to a loop network arranged by loop-connecting a control station and a number of substations through a main transmission path where at least one of the substations comprises a branch station inserting and coupling another station into the main transmission path as a lobe or subloop. In order to prevent an out-of-step condition of the main transmission path, resulting from a failure in the lobe or subloop, the branch station includes a frame buffer for normally select...

Among systems configured by connecting a plurality of sequence controllers to one communication line to intercommunicate, many systems has been disclosed which implement fault location and recovery from the faults. In one of these systems, each substation is connected to a circulating communication line via a branch line and switches are respectively disposed on the branch line and on the communication line at both sides of a connecting point of the branch line and the communication line. Furthe...

A channel control system for a scattered loop type information transmission channel has posts that are linked in a single loop and are served both ways by the same loop. Each post consists of an A-system working in one direction and a similar B-system working in the opposite direction. A mode switch circuit switches between a relay mode for relaying the signal and a terminal mode for separating the A and B systems and returning the signal. Each system has a detection circuit for detecting a chan...

A method is provided for initiating a configuration after the interruption of at least two ring-shaped networks arranged in parallel. After the appearance of malfunctions in the ring lines and ring switching matrix devices in at least two-of-n ring-shaped networks, a configuring in the sense of forming those ring network portions that are still intact into a new ring-shaped network is initiated. Based on the knowledge of the position of the subscriber equipment (interpretation of the address tab...