An active retrodirective antenna array wherein a reference array element is used to generate a phase reference which is replicated at succeeding elements of the array. Each element of the array is associated with a phase regeneration circuit and the phase conjugation circuitry of an adjacent element. In one implementation, the phase reference circuit operates on the input signal at the reference element, a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) output signal and the input pilot signal at the next a...

An active retrodirective antenna array having central phasing from a reference antenna element through a "tree" structured network of transmission lines utilizes a plurality of phase conjugate circuits (PCCs) at each node and a phase reference regeneration circuit (PRR) at each node except the initial node. Each node virtually coincides with an element of the array. A PCC generates the exact conjugate phase .phi.*.sub.1 of an incident signal .phi..sub.1 in accordance with the relation R (2.phi.....

A radio frequency transponder/repeater is provided wherein an array of receiving antenna elements is coupled to an array of transmitting antenna elements to provide a directional antenna system and including additionally an internal radio frequency source which is also coupled to the array of transmitting antenna elements. With such arrangement, an internally generated signal provided by the radio frequency source may be transmitted using the transmitting array of the Van Atta System.

A linear antenna array receives incoming microwave signals which are coup to a wide-angle, microwave lens to produce a received beam pattern in azimuth. The beam pattern is crystal detected and log video amplified to produce an output signal comprising directional information in the amplitude level. The directional information is processed in a logic processor which converts information into binary voltage levels which are gated to appropriate switch drivers and to automatically decide the discr...

A self-steering phased antenna array repeater system in which signals from a distant source at two spaced receptors are relatively shifted in phase and combined in a square law mixer. The output mixer current is a function of their phase difference and indicates the direction in which the signals arrive. This current is used to bring the phase of received signals together for combining and to introduce the same phase difference but of opposite sign for re-radiation by applying the current as the...

A CDMA format is used within a network to permit communication between members of a network. Network members are synchronized to each other and are each aware of a predetermined set of code words which has been established. A member desiring to transmit data selects a code word from the predetermined set. If there are unused code words, one of the unused words is randomly selected. If all words are being used, the code word of the farthest user is selected. Since all members are synchronized in ...

The present invention is to increase the efficiency of the transmission channel between the base stations and to improve the accuracy of the signal in transmitting the traffic information in the circuit communication method or TDM method in comparison with the packet method, and provides the apparatus for speech coding at the Code Division Multiple Access base station which can solve the anticipated problem of the frame sync acquisition between base stations in such case.

An energy transmission arrangement emits a microwave energy signal to a target location on the basis of a pilot signal received from the target location. The arrangement includes a plurality of pilot antennas for receiving the pilot signal and a plurality of antenna elements for transmission of the energy signal. The pilot signal as received at a first pilot antenna is multiplied at a phase conjugation circuit and divided into a plurality of transmission signals corresponding to the plurality of...

A method is disclosed for communicating a datagram in a wireless communication network. The network includes a transmitter and a receiver. The method begins with the step of identifying a transmitting signal shape code. The next step of the method uses signal shape code to transmit a signal representing a datagram. The method continues with the steps of identifying a receiving signal shape code and receiving at the receiver the transmitted signal. Once received, the signal is filtering based on ...

A code division multiple access transmitter and receiver that makes it possible to reduce its size by designating a spreading code and a carrier frequency in a baseband. It includes a primary modulator for performing primary modulation by transmission information, thereby producing a primary modulated I signal and a primary modulated Q signal, a spreading code generator for generating a spreading code with a frequency higher than a rate of the transmission information, a secondary modulator for ...