A histogram data processor that detects for the presence of and/or an intermediate class of the histogram data which has a lower frequency of occurrence that its adjacent classes. That is to say, the processor detects the particular intermediate class when such a condition is present and/or detects for the presence of such a condition in the data. Also, brightness level disciminator apparatus which includes the aforesaid processor to process brightness level data derived from a field of view to ...

An apparatus and method is provided for segmenting characters generated by an optical scanner. The apparatus also identifies underscores. The underscores are then masked and subsequent processing devices are informed of the existence of said underscores. Input video raster scans representative of a portion of a line of textual material are loaded into a video buffer. The video raster scans are broken up into a plurality of sections. The horizontal histogram (number of black pixel counts) associa...

An image processing system has an image processing function for use in, particularly, a word processor, a copying machine, or a facsimile apparatus. This apparatus includes an image reader to read and input image information; a keyboard to input character information; a recognizing unit for recognizing the character information in the image information inputted by the image reader; and an image processor for performing the editing of characters on the basis of the result by the recognizing unit....

Each row of characters is extracted from document data representing rows of characters by a character row extracting circuit. The characters are separated from the row by a character separating circuit. In a reference line detecting circuit two histograms are formed, one pertaining to the upper sides of the rectangles bordering the extremities of the characters, and the other pertaining to the lower sides of these rectangles. Two reference lines are defined from the histogram. The characters are...

According to a method of the present invention, an optical alphanumeric character reader scans each printed line in the direction of its height from its beginning to its end sequentially at a predetermined interval. The intervals thus scanned are identified either as containing a printed part or as being all white and are represented respectively by a "black bit" and a "white bit" corresponding to different logical numbers. For each white bit or each continuous array of white bits sandwiched bet...

In a radiation image read-out system wherein a radiation image recorded on a recording medium through an irradiation field stop is read out and the read-out image signals are subjected to an image processing, the image processing conditions are determined or adjusted based on the histogram of the image signals. In a radiation image read-out system wherein a radiation image is recorded on a recording medium through an irradiation field stop and preliminary read-out is conducted prior to final rea...

Entire data of a radiation image formed by irradiating a subject with radiations are analyzed to determine a desired image region, gradation processing conditions are determined based on image data within the desired image region, and the radiation image is subjected to the gradation processing under the determined gradation processing conditions.

An optical character reader is characterized in that the reader determines accurately the range occupied by the major portion of each character in each character line. This is accomplished by dividing an image read from a document into character liens and counting the number of picture elements in series with each picture element forming each character on each character line in each direction of a plurality of predetermined directions. Each picture element is provided with a code data indicating...

A method and structure is provided which allows for a plurality of patterns or characters which are joined to be separated for further processing. For characters which are determined not to have a fixed pitch, a first approximation cleavage point is determined based on the width of the segment. Next, a caliper histogram is formed plotting the distance between the uppermost and bottommost "on" pixel in each column of the segment. If a satisfactory minimum in the caliper histogram is found, this s...

A method for the automated segmentation of medical images, including generating image data from radiographic images of the breast. The method is applicable to breast mammograms including the extraction of the skinline as well as correction for non-uniform exposure conditions, hand radiographs, and chest radiographs. Techniques for the segmentation include noise filtering, local gray value range determination, modified global histogram analysis, region growing and determination of object contour....