The grip of the holder on an electrode in an electric smelting furnace is controlled by a mechanism which transmits the force generated by a pressure medium to the holder. Mechanical locking means are provided for maintaining the grip of the holder upon relaxation or failure of the pressure medium.

The present invention relates to silicon feedstock for producing directionally solidified silicon ingots, thin sheets and ribbons for the production of silicon wafers for PV solar cells where the silicon feedstock contains between 0.2 and 10 ppma boron and between 0.1 and 10 ppma phosphorus distributed in the material. The invention further relates to directionally solidified silicon ingot or thin silicon sheet or ribbon for making wafers for solar cells containing between 0.2 ppma and 10 ppma b...

The invention relates to an apparatus for continuous slag treatment of molten silicon for removal of one a more impurity elements from the silicon, the apparatus comprising a vessel (1) intended to contain molten silicon and liquid slag. The vessel (1) has an upwardly extending overflow (4) for slag connected to an outlet opening (3) for slag is the bottom (2) of the vessel, a open-ended pipe (5) arranged about and at a distance from the overflow (4) such than there is an annulus between the pip...

A discharge device for containers in which lumpy material or agglomerated bodies are treated with gases in counter-current flow is disclosed. The device comprises a holding chamber comprising trap door in spatial relation to openings in the bottom of the discharge apparatus and chains as sidewalls of the holding chamber.

The present invention relates to a method for the production of trichlorosilane by reaction of silicon with HCl gas at a temperature between 250 and 1100.degree. C., and an absolute pressure of 0.5-30 atm in a fluidized bed reactor, in a stirred bed reactor or a solid bed reactor, where the silicon supplied to the reactor contains between 30 and 10.000 ppm chromium. The invention further relates to silicon for use in the production of trichlorosilane by reaction of silicon with HCl gas, containi...

The present application relates to granules of powdery mineral particles produced by spray granulation of a liquid slurry comprising powdery minerals particles having particle size below 10 m, at least one water-reducing agent and/or at least one binder agent and/or at least one dispersing agent. The application further relates to a method for producing such granules.

The present invention relates to a method for granulating a stream of molten metal which falls from a launder or the like, down into a liquid cooling bath contained in a tank. The metal stream divides into droplets in the liquid cooling bath and the droplets solidify and form solid granules. The cooling liquid has substantially uniform flow across the tank in a direction that is substantially perpendicular to the falling metal stream. The flow of cooling liquid has a velocity of less than 0.1 m/...

The present invention relates to a method for recovering iron chloride, aluminum chloride and calcium chloride from silicon and ferrosilicon or from residues which contain silicon and/or ferrosilicon and metal chlorides and optionally copper and/or copper compounds, which materials are leached with HCl or HCl+FeCl.sub.3 /FeCl.sub.2 solutions, whereafter the solid silicon or ferrosilicon residue is removed from the leach solution and where any copper is removed from the leach solution. Fe.sup.2+ ...

The present invention relates to the use of manganomanganic oxide particles containing at least 90% by weight of manganomanganic oxide, said particles having a density of 4.50 to 4.75 g/cm.sup.3 and a particle size of at least 98% below 10 .mu.m, as a weight material for drilling mud fluids and for cement slurries for cementing oil wells. The manganomanganic oxide particles which are used are preferably recovered from off-gases which evolves during refining of ferro-manganese melts.

A spray nozzle for dry shotcreting is disclosed. The spray nozzle has a first member through which dry concrete mix is passed, a second member attached to the first member through which water is passed, and a spray nozzle head. The spray nozzle head has a plurality of openings for water inlet from the second member into the dry concrete mix which passes into the spray nozzle head from the first member. The openings are arranged either circularly or helically about the circumference of the spray ...