To provide a liquid crystal display making it possible to decrease the number of signal lines to avoid narrowing the pitch of the terminal portion of a data driver and to decrease power consumption and cost. Control lines CA and CB are used which are arranged in parallel with signal lines Dj on both sides of each signal line Dj to switch on/off switching devices T.sub.CA and T.sub.CB connected in series with the switching device T.sub.G of each pixel switched on/off by control signals in these c...

There are provided a method and an apparatus for removing electrostatic charges from high resistivity liquid. An insulating film is formed on the surface of a conductive element which is in contact with the high resistivity liquid wherein the insulating film has such a thickness that a tunneling current may flow through the insulating film, thereby preventing the highly purified high resistivity liquid from being contaminated, as well as from becoming acid. Thus, objects to be treated with the h...

A matrix wiring substrate is provided which can perform an electrostatic countermeasure until drive circuits are connected to a matrix wiring substrate, whereby the circuit wiring can be inspected at an earlier stage. The matrix wiring substrate, where circuit wiring is formed over a substrate, includes a guard ring formed around the circuit wiring and connected to the circuit wiring, and separable portions arranged between the circuit wiring and the guard ring for controlling the conduction bet...

A method of manufacturing a thin film transistor comprising the steps of: forming a gate electrode on the surface of a substrate; forming a gate insulation film covering the gate electrode; forming an active semiconductor layer and an ohmic contact layer on the gate insulation film; forming a source/drain electrode made of Cr; and removing a portion of the ohmic contact layer except for the portion in contact with the source/drain electrode by an etching solution, wherein the step of removing th...

The present invention provides a resist developing method and apparatus which achieves high in-plane uniformity and high reproducibility of resist pattern accuracy and low consumption of developer. The resist developing method sprays developer on a patterned resist formed on a substrate while rotating the substrate at high speed, drips the developer on the resist while rotating the substrate at low speed, and then, stops the substrate to hold the developer on the surface of the resist. The resis...

Provided is an apparatus for producing semiconductor and other devices, which can improve the quality of deposited films and increase the yield of produced devices in comparison with the conventional apparatus. The apparatus of the invention comprises a plurality of dry treatment chambers (7a, 7b, 7c, 7d, 7e), a transfer room (6) interconnecting the dry treatment chambers (7a, 7b, 7c, 7d, 7e), loading/unloading chambers (8a, 8b, 8c, 8d), and a cleaning apparatus (13). The transfer room (6) and t...

A liquid crystal display element of the present invention is prepared according to a top-gate structure in which a gate electrode is formed on a semiconductor film. The liquid crystal display element is provided with a first substrate and a second substrate each having an orientation film. A plurality of linear electrodes are formed on the first substrate so as to apply a voltage between the electrodes. The orientation film of the first substrate is oriented in parallel with the longitudinal dir...

In a magnetic impedance device according to the present invention, an approximately uniformly biased magnetic field is applied to a sensing part of a magnetic wire in a longitudinal direction by setting the range of winding of a coil. The sensing part is composed of magnetic material with high permeability and is disposed between a pair of mounting pins. The coil is wound around the sensing part of the magnetic wire and generates a biasing magnetic field. The range of winding of the coil is long...

A method for producing an electo-optical device including only five photolithographic steps, including a first photolithographic step for forming a gate electrode and gate wiring, a second photolithographic step for forming a semiconductor portion above the gate electrode, a third photolithographic step for forming a contact hole through the first insulator film to the gate wiring, a fourth photolithographic step for forming a source electrode, a source wiring and a drain electrode and then form...

A liquid crystal display apparatus comprises: a substrate; gate wires and source wires formed in a matrix fashion on the substrate; gate electrodes formed close to points of intersection between the gate wires and the source wires, the gate electrodes being connected electrically to the gate wires; a first insulating film formed on the gate wires and the gate electrodes, the first insulating film further carrying the source wires thereon; a semiconductor active film formed over the gate electrod...