Apparatus for driving a platen in an electrophotographic copying machine including a platen, a drive roller in friction contact with the bottom of the platen, a platen support means, power means for rotating the drive roller to move the platen in a predetermined direction in the horizontal plane, and depressing means for depressing the platen onto the drive roller to thereby prevent vertical movement of the platen during movement of the platen in the predetermined direction.

A heat fusion-bonding apparatus for electrophotography comprising at least one heating element comprising a thin metal sheet housed in an associated container and loosely supported therein by support members each of which is substantially circularly-shaped in section and made of a heat resistant and electrically insulating material so that the heating element can move freely between the support members.

Circuitry for use in a copying machine capable of copying on copy papers of at least two different widths comprising a voltage source; a heating unit including a central heating element and two end heating elements, the latter elements being substantially coaxially disposed at and connected to the opposite ends of the central heating element; and switching means for: (1) connecting the central and two end heating elements in parallel across the voltage source when the larger of the two different...

Heating apparatus comprising at least one heating element for radiating heat to a material to be heated, bracket means for supporting the heating elements, the bracket means comprising a sufficiently large opening in the side thereof away from the material to be heated so that the amount of deformation of the bracket means is minimal upon heating by the heating element, the ratio of the area of the opening to the area of the side being 60-80 percent, a plate disposed over the opening and adjacen...

In a copying machine characterized in that a charging device, an exposure device, a development device, a transferring device for transferring the developed image to a transfer medium such as paper, a cleaning device and a discharging device are provided around a photoconductive drum in the foregoing order, the improvement comprising means for introducing a discharging light disposed next to the charging device, and a shutter which intercepts the discharging light for a time corresponding to the...

Frequency multiplying circuitry comprising monostable multivibrator means responsive to a pulse train for multiplying the frequency thereof; frequency demodulating means responsive to the pulse train for developing a control voltage, the magnitude of which is proportional to the frequency of the pulse train; and means for applying the control voltage to the monostable multivibrator for varying the length of time it remains in its unstable state; whereby the length of time the multivibrator remai...

A system for communicating two information signals, comprising means for generating a carrier pulse wave; means for modulating the leading edge of each pulse of the carrier pulse wave with one of the two information signals, the means for phase modulating the leading edge of the carrier pulse wave comprising (a) means for deriving first pulses corresponding to the leading edges of the carrier pulse wave, (b) a first monostable multivibrator responsive to the first pulses and the one information ...

A light source for a copying machine for reproducing an original comprising a light sensitive material having a predetermined sensibility over a given wavelength range, means for uniformly charging the light sensitive material, means for image exposing the uniformly charged light sensitive material to form a latent image thereon, and means for developing the latent image, the light source comprising a plurality of lamps where each of the lamps extends over a different wavelength range so and the...

Sheet papers are piled up on a lifter which is spring biased upward and the uppermost paper is in pressed contact with a set of feed out rollers. The feed out rollers are rotatably provided at a fixed position and the papers are pressed thereon from underneath. The force by which the papers are pressed on the feed out rollers is controlled to be constant regardless of the number of sheets of papers by controlling the force of the spring for biasing the lifter upward.

An electrophotographic cascade developing process and apparatus for rendering an electrostatic latent image visible which comprises (1) providing a developing electrode in the proximity of a surface holding the electrostatic latent image to be developed thereon and in facing relationship to the surface; (2) moving the surface with respect to the electrode; (3) developing the latent image by flowing cascade developer including charged toner particles and carrier particles between the surface and ...