A magnetic sensor includes a DC power source, a multivibrator circuit composed of two CMOS inverters, a resistor, and a capacitor, each of the CMOS inverters being composed of a pMOS transistor and an nMOS transistor connected in series, and a magneto-impedance element. In a transition state attributable to switching operations of the CMOS inverters, a sharp pulse current is caused to flow through the magneto-impedance element so as to excite the magneto-impedance element sufficiently causing th...

A cesium-lithium borate crystal, of which the chemical composition is expressed by any of the following formulae: and (where, M is an alkali metal element, and L is an alkali earth element), and in which an exotic element is doped or annealed.

Disclosed are aromatic condensation compounds useful as building blocks for construction of various types of optically active substances and reagent, wherein the aromatic condensation compounds are represented by general formula (1) below and capable of forming enantiomeric isomers. In the formula, two Rs are the same or different functional groups and selected from among linear, branched and cyclic hydrocarbon groups of 1-16 carbon atoms, either of which R may be hydrogen. A portion of the arom...

A system for translating ambiguous expressions from one natural language to another is described. Electronic processing means are used in conjunction with stored grammatical rules to determine multiple parse structures for expressions in the input language and to create corresponding structures for candidate expressions in the output language. In one version of the invention, the possible structures for each candidate output expression are compared with those of the corresponding input expressio...

A precise shear-stress measurement apparatus includes a spring disposed perpendicularly to a sample surface, and a cylindrical piezoelectric element disposed perpendicularly to the sample surface and connected to the spring. The piezoelectric element is circumferentially divided into a plurality of pieces. The apparatus further includes a circuit for driving the piezoelectric element, a capacitance-type displacement gauge for detecting a horizontal displacement of the spring, and a battery for d...

In a method of generating a super hard laser, uniformization of the energy of an electron beam in an electron storage ring and formation of a pulse of the electron beam through gyration phase bunching are simultaneously performed so as to convert the stored electron beam into a coherent electron beam having a high degree of time coherence. A laser beam is projected in a direction opposite to the traveling direction of the coherent electron beam so as to induce coherent Compton scattering (CCS) o...

Compensation is performed to eliminate noise generated by fluctuation of a medium that surrounds an object to be measured. First and second laser beams having different wavelengths are generated by a He--Ne laser and a YAG laser, respectively, and are superposed by a first dichroic mirror such that they propagate along a common path. The first laser beam is caused to reflect off the object to be measured, while the second laser beam is reflected by a second dichroic mirror before reaching the ob...

An improved method is disclosed which investigates the surface layer of a material. A pulsed slow positron beam having a pulse duration in a nanosecond range is focused and irradiated on the reverse surface of a thin-film-like sample, and a probe is brought into contact with the front surface of the sample. Surface positrons are swarmed in a gap space at the contact point so as to form positronium molecules Ps.sub.n (n is an integer equal to or greater than 2). Coherent annihilation gamma-rays g...

Described are cloning and sequencing of genes encoding novel isoforms (paxillins .beta. and .gamma.) of focal adhesion protein paxillin. According to the present invention, there is provided a novel gene for an isoform of focal adhesion protein paxillin. This gene is useful medical applications such as diagnosis of progress of cancer malignancy, development of a drug (cancer treatment) for preventing the metastasis and infiltration of cancer cells, etc.

An electrode having an excellent corrosion resistance and long service life even in a severe corrosive environment such as in NaCl solutions for anode electrolysis in which chlorine gas or the like is produced at a high potential from the alloy surface. The electrode of the invention is provided using a precious metal-based amorphous alloy which has a good plasticity processibility and is applicable to a large-sized component. The object is implemented by provision of an electrode material for a...