A new surface finishing process for stainless steel where beautiful, bright and milky white coloured surface is obtainable even for such grades as high carbon containing 13 chromium steel and high sulfur containing free cutting stainless steel is disclosed. After removing the surface scale, (1) immerse the stainless steel into the 1st treating solution containing nitric acid: 5 40 g/l, hydrofluoric acid: 2 10 g/l and Fe(III) ion: 15 40 g/l for 5 180 sec., then rinse in water, (2) and successesiv...

A novel position sensing device and novel method for determining position use an electronic memory to retain a look up table for calibrated position indicia on a scale. The position indicia are preferably arranged along the scale so that at least two indicia are positioned at unique distances apart in each length segment of the scale. A reader electrically reads the at least two indicia of a segment and the electronic memory look up table allows the at least two indicia to determine the segment,...

A mass flow control apparatus and method for use in combination with a heat transfer system having a compressor, condenser, expansion valve, evaporator and working fluid in a s fluid circuit. The mass flow is controlled using a quality sensor for the working fluid exiting the evaporator, and a high side pressure sensor. A control circuit is provided that monitors the quality sensor and the high side pressure sensor, and controls operation of the compressor, condenser fan and valve in response th...

A fuel filter assembly (10) for filtering diesel fuel includes a filter head (12), a spin on replaceable element (13) and a collection bowl (15) removable from the element. The element includes a casing with a turned-in edge portion at a lower end. An adaptor ring (69) is supported on said edge portion inside the element and includes an annular threaded portion (71). The collection bowl has an outer peripheral wall (74) with an annular threaded portion engaging the threaded portion of the adapto...

A nipple characterized by an integral crossbar actuator and check valve. When a mating coupler at atmospheric pressure is connected to the nipple, the crossbar actuator functions to open a poppet valve in the mating coupler independently of the check valve. With the coupler fully connected to the nipple, pressurized media is supplied to the coupler to commence media transfer. When the pressure in the coupler exceeds the pressure behind the nipple's check valve, the check valve will open and the ...

An improved rotary plug valve of the type having a valve body with a fluid inlet conduit and a fluid outlet conduit therein has a rotary plug disposed for rotation in the valve body between an open position and a closed position. In the closed position the plug has a seat seal disposed in a groove in the cylindrical surface thereof which seat seal extends adjacent and surrounds the fluid inlet conduit to seal the inlet conduit against fluid flow. The groove in the plug has a radially inner wall,...

An expansion valve (10) for heat transfer systems such as an air conditioning system, includes a control element (20) for controlling the flow rate of working fluid through the valve. The control element has a stem member (28) and movable member (42) movable on the stem member. Openings (38) to an internal passage (30) in the stem member are regulated by positioning the movable member to achieve regulated flow rate of refrigerant material through the valve. The movable member of the control elem...

An actuator (24) for a valve (10) includes a housing tube (26) enclosing an internal cavity (48). A plunger (42) is mounted for movement in the internal cavity. The plunger includes four slots (50). Rollable spheres (58) are positioned in the slots between staked areas (62). A magnetic field created by electrical current passing through a coil (34) moves the plunger downward to open fluid flow through a control element (20). Flow through the control element enables controlled flow from an inlet ...

A mass flow control apparatus and method for use in combination with a heat transfer system having a compressor, condenser, expansion valve, evaporator and working fluid in a fluid circuit. The mass flow is controlled using a quality sensor for the working fluid exiting the evaporator, and a high side pressure sensor. A control circuit is provided that monitors the quality sensor and the high side pressure sensor, and controls operation of the compressor, condenser fan and valve in response ther...

A method of forming an atomizing spray nozzle includes the steps of etching a swirl chamber and a spray orifice in a thin sheet of material. The swirl chamber is etched in a first side of the disk and the spray orifice is etched through a second side to the center of the swirl chamber. Feed slots are etched in the first side of the disk extending non-radially to the swirl chamber such that liquid can be conveyed to the swirl chamber so as to create and sustain the swirling motion. A inlet piece ...