An improvement in the process for producing alcohols by the direct hydration of olefins in the presence of a catalyst, where the reactor effluent is scrubbed with water in a scrubbing zone and where the olefin feed is introduced in the lower portion of the scrubbing zone to strip out the organic impurities found in the aqueous alcohol product stream.

When from 0.1 to 6 percent by weight of crystallite growth promoter is intimately combined with agglomerated less than 0.1 micron grains of ferric oxide and strontium oxide, barium oxide and/or lead oxide the resulting admixture may be formed into strontium, barium, and/or lead ferrite bodies having a surprisingly high degree of crystallite orientation by maintaining the admixture at a temperature of from 500.degree.C to 900.degree.C for a period of not more than 24 hours to cause the oxides to ...

Vertical tubes are expeditiously filled to a predetermined depth with flowable, particulate solids by an apparatus which comprises (a) a temporary storage reservoir for the flowable, particulate solids; (b) conveying means for supplying the temporary storage reservoir with flowable, particulate solids; (c) an overflow reservoir supported by and vertically below the temporary storage reservoir; (d) a temporary storage reservoir flow control means for regulating the quantity of flowable, particula...

Catalyst compositions comprising certain hydrocarbon-transition metal halide complexes supported on an acidic, inorganic oxide support are useful in the oligomerization or polymerization of olefins. 5 Claims, No Drawings

A process for preparing 1,7-octadiene by hydrodimerizing butadiene which comprises reacting the butadiene in the presence of formic acid, or a salt thereof, optionally a solvent and a catalyst comprising palladium complexed with a sterically hindered phosphine, phosphinite or phosphonite and a different ligand selected from phosphine, phosphinite, phosphonite or phosphite. Enhanced catalytic activity is obtained.

Vinyl acetylene is coupled with butadiene to selectively produce 1-octen-7-yne by reacting the vinyl acetylene with butadiene in the presence of formic acid or a salt thereof, optionally a solvent and a catalyst comprising palladium complexed with tertiary organophosphorus ligand.

Tertiary amines are produced by reacting aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or araliphatic alcohols, aldehydes or ketones with ammonia, primary or secondary amines in the presence of a catalyst having improved selectivity and stability and which comprises a mixture of copper, tin and an alkali metal supported on a suitable carrier.

1,5-Dimethyl-1,5-cyclooctadiene and 1,4-dimethyl-4-vinyl-1-cyclohexene are prepared by contacting isoprene with a catalyst obtained by mixing a nickel compound, a reducing agent capable of reducing the nickel to zerovalent nickel, and a trihydrocarbyl phosphite, arsenite or antimonite wherein at least one of the three hydrocarbyl groups is a substituted hydrocarbyl group CF.sub.3 --(CF.sub.2).sub.n C(H)(R)--, in which n.ltoreq.O and R is an optionally substituted hydrocarbyl group. Only very sma...

Butadiene is hydrodimerized to 1,7-octadiene in high yield by contacting the butadiene with a formate of an alkali metal, alkaline earth metal or ammonia, a palladium catalyst, tertiary phosphine, a solvent selected from dialkyl sulfoxides, N,N-dialkylalkanamides, substituted and unsubstituted pyridines and sulfolanes and at least one mole of water per mole of formate salt.

A process for preparing 1,7-octadiene by hydrodimerizing butadiene which comprises reacting the butadiene in the presence of formic acid or a salt thereof, optionally a solvent and a catalyst comprising palladium complexed with a tertiary phosphinite or phosphonite. More active catalysts are obtained with phosphinites and phosphonites than with phosphines or phosphites.