A mass spectrometer includes a main magnet having spaced-apart polepieces which define a gap, the main magnet producing a magnetic field in the gap, an ion source to generate ions and to accelerate the ions into the magnetic field in the gap, the ion source located outside the gap, and an ion detector to detect a selected species of the ions generated by the ion source and deflected by the magnetic field. The ion detector is located in the gap at a natural focus point of the selected species of ...

The invention relates to a Wien filter provided with electrodes for generating an electric field, and magnetic poles for generating a magnetic field, said electrodes and magnetic poles being positioned around and having a finite length along a filter axis, and being positioned around the filter axis such that electric and magnetic forces induced by the respective fields and exerted on an electrically charged particle moving substantially along the fileter axis at a certain velocity, take substan...

A mass spectrometer which has a toroidal electrostatic field and a uniform magnetic field with non-zero entrance and exit angles, and which is so constructed that the incident end surface of an ion beam on the toroidal electrostatic field defines a concave surface and that the entrance angle and the exit angle of the ion beam relative to the uniform magnetic field are in the positive direction and the negative direction, respectively, thereby to make the elimination of second-order aberrations a...

A mass spectrometer, more particularly for simultaneously measuring beams of a number of species of ions, has a special homogeneous magnetic sector field, the exit boundary of said field forming a straight line which extends through the point of intersection between the central ray of the incident object-ray pencil of ions and the straight entrance boundary of the sector field, and at least one of the emergent image-ray pencils of ions undergoing second-order directional focusing. In this spectr...

A display apparatus is provided. A light beam emitted from a light source is applied through a light modulator and a projecting optical system to a scanning mirror. The light beam is reflected and scanned by the scanning mirror, and applied to a magnifying projection system entrance unit. A detection light beam emitted from a mirror angle detecting light source is reflected and scanned by the scanning mirror, and applied to a linear detector. Operation of the scanning mirror is controlled based ...

Devices and methods are provided for generating laser-accelerated high energy polyenergetic positive ion beams that are spatially separated and modulated based on energy level. The spatially separated and modulated high energy polyenergetic positive ion beams are used for radiation therapy. In addition, methods are provided for treating patients in radiation treatment centers using therapeutically suitable high energy polyenergetic positive ion beams that are provided by spatially separating and...

A method and apparatus are provided for resizing an image using an inverse discrete cosine transform (IDCT). A macro block of an original source image is enlarged to an arbitrary size using the inverse discrete cosine transform after the encoding type of the macro block is converted so that the macro block and the original source image have the same encoding type. Consequently, the original source image is always enlarged naturally in a digital video apparatus such as a digital broadcast receive...

Improvements to reduce the size of a GCMS while improving its performance. A first improvement adjusts the magnet for radii of travel. Another feature removes a portion of the magnet to compensate for the fringe field. Yet another improvement shaves portions off of the yoke near where they meet the pole pieces.

A tandem mass spectrometer is disclosed having a collisional damping cell that slows down and adapts an ion beam, from a time-of-flight mass spectrometer (TOF MS) to a second mass spectrometer, preferably an orthogonal TOF MS. The cell provides a substantial damping of the energy of the ions in multiple collisions with a gas. An RF-only quadrupole is used to spatially focus the ion beam in the collision cell. As result, the operation of second mass spectrometer can be decoupled from the rest of ...

A mass sensor includes a magnet assembly and a mass analyzer. The mass analyzer includes a ceramic housing formed from two end plates and a center portion. The mass analyzer further includes a thermionic electron emitter ionizer, a double focusing mass spectrometer having superimposed orthogonal magnetic and electric fields, and a microchannel plate ion detector located in the housing cavity. The double focusing mass spectrometer includes an electric sector energy analyzer having a film resistor...