Devices and methods for measuring a target ion concentration uses an electrode pair. The pair includes a working electrode and a reference electrode. The working and reference electrodes are ion-selective electrodes (ISEs). The reference ISE can include a sodium ISE. The ISE pair interacts with body fluids where a target ion concentration changes more than sodium ion concentration over time. Some ISE membranes of a pair vary essentially only in the ionophore. An ISE pair can determine the ratio ...

The present invention relates to an improved gardening tool. The improved gardening tool is seen to include a V-shaped tool portion having a plurality of V-shaped cutting edges therein. The tool portion includes a connecting means thereon which is adapted to removably receive a handle. The tool portion and handle are removably attachable to facilitate using different configurations of handles as well as different sized tool portions.

The alkyllithium initiated preparation of terminally functional polymers in high yield is accomplished by first capping a macromolecular polymer with an alkylene sulfide prior to terminating the molecule with a halogenated compound containing a polymerizable moiety. The resulting macromolecular monomers are useful in the preparation of graft copolymers by copolymerizing the macromolecular monomers with monomers copolymerizable therewith.

A method of forming a drawn metal cup for a container body which includes drawing a cup having a circular boss in its base wall, redrawing the cup and forming a pressure resistant profile in its base wall.

A method and apparatus for setting the level of an analog signal supplied to an electronic device having a maximum input level. The method includes computing a gain which, when applied to the analog signal, causes the amplified signal to exceed the maximum input level for a percentage of time which is greater than zero, and applying the gain to the analog signal. When clipping occurs at least part of the time, the correlation result obtained for a pair of truly correlated signals remains virtual...

A CRT shadow mask 9 is made by clamping the outer periphery of a blank, stretch or draw-forming the main spherical surface 9a of the mask, releasing the clamping and wipe-forming the skirt 9c of the mask, and finally press-forming a peripheral spherical border 9e inward of the skirt and having a sharper angle of inclination. The border prevents the spring-back of the high yield strength mask material and the attendant formation of creases and dimples in the mask surface. The die press for implem...

A cantilever having a step-up structure and a method of manufacturing the same. The cantilever includes a substrate, an anchor formed on the substrate, and a moving plate connected to the anchor while maintaining a predetermined gap from the substrate. The anchor includes a first anchor of a predetermined shape and a second anchor perpendicular to an edge of the first anchor while being formed along a longitudinal axis of the moving plate. Accordingly, a deformation of the cantilever caused by t...

An image detector for X-ray technology enables different image resolutions in a simple way. In an a-Si:H detector matrix, several pixels can be fixed via a row lead and a column lead, and these pixels can be interrogated together or, by the use of voltage impulses of different levels or polarity, can be interrogated separately.

A new kind of pixel is formed of two floating diffusions of different sizes and different conductivity type. The two floating diffusions have different image characteristics, and hence form a knee-shaped slope.

In a CMOS image sensor, current leakage after a series of noise removing operations has been completed is suppressed in a read operation for each horizontal line, thereby suppressing image noise occurring on the output display screen of the image sensor. There are provided signal storage regions for storing the signals read from the unit cells in the same row selected in the imaging area onto vertical signal lines and horizontal select transistors for sequentially selecting and reading the signa...