The invention relates to a method of taking measurements along an optical transmission path by means of an optical sensor. The optical sensor includes an optical converter whose optical attenuation properties can be influenced according to the value to be measured and through which a first beam portion of a high-frequency amplitude-modulated optical transmission beam is passed. A second beam portion of this transmission beam is conveyed via a delay element. The second beam portion is applied tog...

A current limit for an AC motor drive that is operative whenever motor speed change is commanded and motor current exceeds the current limit value. The rate of change of motor speed is controlled to maintain maximum motor current, i.e., motor current substantially equal to the current limit. This is achieved by moderating the rate of change command to the motor drive circuit in accordance with the amount of motor current in excess of the current limit.

A process of teaching the use of keyboards thereby enabling keyboard operators to produce large quantities of printed material in a much shorter time at higher accuracy. The process instructs keyboard students to associate printed material with four specific finger movements rather than keyboard memorization, thereby securing proficiency for keyboard students in as little as four hours rather than the usual six to thirty six weeks.

A method of typing to reduce repetitive strain injuries comprises coordinating the movement of all moving parts from the shoulders to the fingers to avoid dissonant movement of any one part, starting with the hand and forearm in a natural profile. Each separately moving part is limited to movement to within its mid-range of motion. For speed, a finger is lifted and the hand is rotated to amplify the elevation. Conversely, lowering of the finger to strike a key involves rotating the hand in a rev...

A structure for selectively displaying markers, or crayons, such selectivity being controlled by a keyboard whereby a user, on depressing an activator, may cause the selected marker to be elevated.

Provided is an apparatus and method for separating music and voice using an independent component analysis method for a two-dimensional forward network. The apparatus of separating music and voice can separate voice signal and a music signal, each of which are independently recorded, from a mixed signal, in a short convergence time by using the independent component analysis method, which estimates a signal mixing process according to a difference in record positions of sensors. Thus, users can ...

Training apparatus for use with a keyboard comprises a rigid support and a stabilizing bar having optional hand guides. The stabilizing bar is attached to the support, preferably pivotably, such that, when said training apparatus is positioned in front of a keyboard, an operator's hands are positioned between but not touching the support and the stabilizing bar when the operator's fingers are positioned over their home keys on the keyboard. In an alternate embodiment, the support for the stabili...

The concentration of an organic additive in a plating bath is determined by providing a polished and constant current density preplated rotating disc cathode, a reference electrode and anode in an electrolytic copper plating bath, passing an electric current from the anode to the cathode and reference electrode; measuring the voltage difference between the cathode and reference electrode; and comparing the difference to values for known concentrations of the organic additive.

Method of teaching keyboarding by providing a first simulated keyboard which is substantially the same size as a standard keyboard and which has means for dividing the keys into appropriate standard finger grouping columns and providing a second simulated keyboard which has means for visually dividing the keys into the same finger grouping columns as the first simulated keyboard. The invention also consists of first and second simulated keyboards for carrying out the above method.

An apparatus and method are described for electrodepositing an electroform with near zero internal stress. A voltage controlled power supply supplies current to both a mandrel, upon which a primary electroform is deposited, and to a deformable thin disk substrate, upon which a secondary deposit is formed. A strain gage on the deformable substrate measures any deformation caused by internal stress in the secondary deposit. The strain gage is connected to a strain gage transducer to produce an out...