Single enantiomer-threo-methylphenidate is useful in the therapy of a convulsant state, e.g. epilepsy, a bipolar disorder or narcolepsy. It may be administered topically.

Methods to prevent, inhibit, or slow the development of vitrectomy-induced cataracts are disclosed. The methods comprise administering to the eye of a subject a composition comprising an ophthalmologically acceptable carrier or diluent and at least one hydroxylamine compound in a therapeutically sufficient amount to prevent, inhibit, or slow the development of a vitrectomy-induced cataract in the subject to which the composition is administered.

This invention provides trans-3,4 1-substituted-3-substituted-4-methyl-4-(3-substituted phenyl)piperidines as opioid antagonists capable of blocking the mu or kappa receptors in the brain.

A group of five- and six-membered heterocyclic compounds having a nitrogen in the ring and 2 to 3 hydroxyl substituents on the ring are effective inhibitory agents of human immunodeficiency virus.

Repelling insects and mites with acylated .alpha.,.omega., aminoalcohol derivatives of the formula ##STR1## in which X represents hydrogen, COR.sup.11, COOR.sup.12 or R.sup.13, R.sup.1 represents optionally subsituted alkyl or alkenyl radicals, R.sup.2, R.sup.11, R.sup.12 and R.sup.13 are identical or different and represent optionally substituted alkyl or alkenyl radicals, R.sup.3 to R.sup.10 are identical or different and represent hydrogen, or represent optionally substituted alkyl radicals, ...

The use is described of both (i) [1R-[1.alpha.(Z),2.beta.,3.beta.,5.alpha.]]-(+)-7-[5-[[(1,1'-biphenyl)-4-y l]methoxy]-3-hydroxy-2-(1-piperidinyl)cyclopentyl]-4-heptenoic acid or a physiologically acceptable salt or solvate thereof and (ii) a thromboxane synthase inhibitor, either separately or in combination in the therapy or prophylaxis of occlusive vascular diseases in humans. Pharmaceutical compositions containing both (i) and (ii) are also described.

The present invention relates to methods for inducing cell death via activation of the caspase, SAPK, and apoptotic signaling cascades in a cell comprising administering to a cell a composition comprising tempo in a amount sufficient to induce death of said cell.

A method of shortening prolonged QT intervals in a patient with a trafficking defective HERG mutation is disclosed. In one embodiment, this method comprises the step of treating the patient with an effective amount of fexofenadine whereby the patient's prolonged QT interval is shortened.

This invention discloses a method of treating cholera infection in a human by administering an effective amount of 1,5-dideoxy-1,5-imino-D-glucitol or a derivative thereof.

The synthesis of the novel fucosidase inhibitor, 2,6-imino-2,6,7-trideoxy-D-glycero-D-gluco heptitol, is disclosed.