To generate a reference database for a particular sensor in a multiple LED spectrophotometric system with a reduced number of test measurements taken from training samples, a first set of reflectance reference measurements are generated from a test target on to a reference sensor from a plurality of different LED emissions. A first spectral reconstruction reference matrix is computed by performing an operational characterization of the reference sensor from the first set of reflectance reference...

An electromagnetic field analyzer includes a division-into-element portion that divides form data as an analysis object into coarse elements and fine elements. A prolongation matrix forming portion forms a prolongation matrix defining an electromagnetic field vector of the coarse elements divided by the division-into-element portion related to an electromagnetic field vector of the fine elements. Then, an approximate value calculation portion and an approximate solution correction portion calcul...

A system and method is disclosed for breaking a feedback loop by replacing at least one component in the feedback loop with a model containing two physically disconnected subnetworks that have terminals that are connected to ground with voltage controlled, voltage sources (VCVSs). Dependent source parameters of the VCVSs control lateral signal transfer though the model allowing the feedback loop to be opened or closed. The model maybe used in a software simulation in which a replicate circuit is...

A computer-based method for generating a scanning program for a stand-alone measuring equipment is provided. The method includes the steps of: receiving parameters, the parameters including output types of probing points; calculating a probing point coordinate multidimensional array; creating probing features; generating 3D program of each probing feature, and forming a control file by assimilating all 3D programs; and transferring the control file to a computer in the measuring equipment and ex...

Signals from a plurality of sources are observed by a plurality of sensors disposed in two dimensions, and the observed signals are subject to a short-time Fourier transform, from which frequency domain signals are derived. Using the independent component analysis process on the frequency domain signals, separation matrices are produced, and an inverse matrix of each separation matrix is calculated. The direction of each source is calculated based on a ratio of a pair of elements in each column ...

A method and apparatus is described for fusing a plurality of signals corresponding to estimates of the state of an object, system, or process. The method and apparatus is specialized or programmed for (1) receiving estimates, each of which can be expressed in the form of a state vector and an error covariance matrix, at least one estimate of which can be decomposed into a sum of an independent error covariance matrix and a potentially correlated error covariance matrix, and (2) transmitting a r...

An analyzing method and system includes projecting light onto a specimen, detecting an optical spectrum from the specimen, dividing the detected optical spectrum by a predetermined time interval, applying a weighting vector and a gain and offset vector to the divided spectra to generate a resolution vector, quantizing an analog signal of the resolution vector to a digital signal, and applying a synthesis vector to the quantized spectra to restore the quantized spectra to a size of the optical sp...

A computer hardware configuration for performing the pseudo-spectral time-domain (PSTD) method on data. The hardware configuration includes a forward fast Fourier transform (FFT) unit that calculates a forward fast Fourier transform (FFT) from the data, and a complex multiplication unit that receives the FFT-processed data and calculates a spatial derivative in the frequency domain from the FFT-processed data. The hardware configuration further includes an inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) u...

An incoming wave number estimation device for receiving incoming radio waves by an array antenna in which a plurality (=M) of antenna elements are linearly arrayed with a same element spacing, and estimating the number of the incoming radio waves, including: a correlation matrix creation section for removing a diagonal element from a predetermined row or column constituting an M.times.M array covariance matrix, and creating a correlation matrix by extracting a predetermined p number of correlati...

In determining an intrinsic spectrum from a measured spectrum using the Maximum Entropy Algorithm, it is hardly or even not at all practical to determine the eigenvalues of an N.times.N matrix of large dimensions (N of the order of from 10.sup.4 to 10.sup.5). According to the invention such a large matrix is subdivided into a large number of much smaller partial matrices that are located on the diagonal or trace of the large matrix. The set of eigenvalues to be determined then consists of all ei...