A method and system for dynamically assigning weights to the subset of commands in a natural language dialog system based on prior context of the user's interaction with the system. The search space of the translation process may be reduced when some context information is available. A user presents input to the natural language understanding system. The system translates the user input into a formal command and calculates a weight value for a next set of formal commands based on the formal comm...

A method and apparatus are provided for performing speech recognition using observable and meaningful relationships between words within a single utterance and using a structured data source as a source of constraints on the recognition process. Results from a first constrained speech recognition pass can be combined with information about the observable and meaningful word relationships to constrain or simplify subsequent recognition passes. This iterative process greatly reduces the search spa...

A computer-readable medium stores a first lexicon data structure for lexicon words. The first data structure includes a host form variant field containing a host form variant such as a clitic host form variant, a host form field containing the host form of the host form variant (only present if the forms differ) such as a clitic host verbal form, and a verification field indicative of whether the host form variant is a valid word. The first data structure also includes a segment association fiel...

An image pickup element and a micro-lens part are formed on the front surface of a semiconductor substrate; through electrodes passing through the semiconductor substrate are formed; protruding parts protruding from the front surface toward a glass lid are formed in a thickness greater than the thickness of the micro-lens part on the through electrodes; and the protruding parts are interposed between the semiconductor substrate and the glass lid.

Systems and methods for monitoring labelers of speech data. To test or train labelers, a labeler is presented with utterances that have already been identified as belonging to a particular class or call type. The labeler is asked to assign a call type to the utterances. The performance of the labeler is measured by comparing the call types assigned by the labeler with the existing call types of the utterances. The performance of a labeler can also be monitored as the labeler labels speech data b...

A custom-molded heat sink corresponds to an individual substrate and includes a heat sink lid having at least one cavity corresponding to at least one die mounted on a substrate. A conductive layer is deposited in the at least one cavity that substantially fills the space between the at least one cavity and the at least one die when the lid is coupled to the substrate.

The present invention includes specific sentence generator 14 for generating a piece of sentence data specific to an application from a grammar stored in grammar storing unit 12 and correction information stored in correction information storing unit 13 and then storing the piece of data in specific sentence storing unit 15, topic shift unit 16 for shifting a general topic stored in general topic storing unit 17 to a topic specific to an application on the basis of the piece of sentence data and...

An active labeling process is provided that aims to minimize the number of utterances to be checked again by automatically selecting the ones that are likely to be erroneous or inconsistent with the previously labeled examples. In one embodiment, the errors and inconsistencies are identified based on the confidences obtained from a previously trained classifier model. In a second embodiment, the errors and inconsistencies are identified based on an unsupervised learning process. In both embodime...

A conducting layer in a chip package module includes one or a plurality of through hole penetrating the top of a base being disposed at the bottom of an insulating layer in the chip package module, and inner wall of the through hole being applied with insulation material so that the conductive layer subsequently constructed to the peripheral of the insulation layer may pass the through hole to extend to where above the base before construction of a masking layer and multiple circuit pins to comp...

A semiconductor package includes a body having a cavity closed by a lid. In the cavity, an integrated-circuit chip is placed. Electrical connection leads are carried by the body. These leads have resilient inner terminal parts which lie in the cavity and are suitable for being in contact with electrical connection pads on the said chip. The lid acts so as to keep the said inner terminal parts of the leads in resilient contact on the electrical connection pads on the chip.