There is provided a power steering apparatus comprising a torque sensor detecting a steering torque capable of discriminating a normal input and an inverse input without a torsion bar. An intermediate gear engaging with rack teeth provided in an outer surface of a rack shaft and a pinion provided in a lower portion of a pinion shaft is interposed between both the rack tooth and the pinion. A force applied to the pinion shaft is detected by a first force sensor, a force applied to a support shaft...

A semiconductor laser device having a first photodetector constructed on one major surface of a semiconductor substrate, a semiconductor laser chip mounted on the major surface adjacent to the first photodetector, and a second photodetector constructed on the major surface adjacent to the first photodetector at the side thereof opposite to the semiconductor laser chip, said second photodetector being positioned during manufacture to detect emissions from the laser chip of an adjacent fixedly pos...

Light is emitted from a light-emitting element toward an irradiated medium, and returning light reflected by the irradiated medium is diffracted by a hologram device. A polarizer polarizes the light diffracted by the hologram device to produce first polarized light that has passed through the polarizer and second polarized light that has been reflected by the polarizer. The first polarized light is detected by a first light-detecting element, and the second polarized light is detected by a secon...

An audible sound of modulated wave where a very low-frequency wave of about 20 hertz or lower is superposed on an audio low-frequency wave effectively stimulates Fm theta in human brain waves to improve attention and concentration during mental tasks when auditorily administered. The audible sound is also effective in stimulation of human alpha wave when the very low-frequency wave lies within the range of about 2-10 hertz. Such audible sound is artificially obtainable by generating an electric ...

A new laser structure having self-aligned junction stripe geometry grown by the MO CVD process is disclosed. The laser is grown on a groove-etched substrate and has a DH structure with a small V-shaped active region. A current path in the V-shaped region is formed using anomalous zinc diffusion during growth, which allows a broad area metal contact for both sides of the wafer.

An image display system that performs grayscale correction in accordance with the on-site environment, to display an image, is provided with: a calibration signal generation section (150) that generates calibration signals for displaying each of first and second grayscale correction images having two grayscale values of a single color, a color-light sensor (60) that measures luminance values under an ideal environment and the on-site environment for each of the first and the second grayscale cor...

A confocal scanning microscope can process two-dimensional or third-dimensional optical information at high speed and can be simplified in arrangement. The confocal scanning microscope includes an optical coupling device array composed of a plurality of optical coupling devices arranged on a common substrate in a one-dimensional or two-dimensional fashion, and an objective lens, wherein each of the optical coupling devices has a light-emitting portion and a light-receiving portion closely dispos...

A clock signal generating device of the present invention has an active and a spare clock selecting circuit. The two clock selecting circuits each includes a selector for selecting one of a plurality of outside timing signals and outputting it as an inside clock signal under the control of a controller. A PLL (Phase Locked Loop) circuit is commonly connected to the outputs of the active and spare selecting circuits. The PLL circuit reduces the influence of switching between the active and spare ...

A paint spraying apparatus on which a number of paint applicator units of different types can be selectively and replaceably mounted depending upon conditions of a paint coating operation required. A color changing valve assembly is provided in a valve casing which serves as a common base assembly for a number of paint applicator units to be chosen from, including rotary atomizing head type electrostatic paint applicator units and spray gun type electrostatic paint applicator units. Accordingly,...

In order to provide an image display system, a projector, a program, an information storage medium, and an image processing method that make it possible to perform calibration without interrupting the display of an image for a presentation or the like, an image processing section of a projector is provided with an area identification section that identifies a display area and a non-display area, based on environmental information measured by a CCD sensor; a brightness change derivation section t...