A relatively broad band automatic fine tuning circuit covering a frequency band at least approximately as broad as a television channel and including means to shift the frequency of the television tuner up or down, as necessary, to the proper frequency within the automatic tuning range. A first control signal is obtained by comparing the average value of the envelope detected signal from the video detector with a voltage equal to the pedestal level if the signal were a properly tuned video signa...

The present invention provides a multilayered power supply line suitable for use in a semiconductor integrated circuit and a layout method thereof. In the multilayered power supply line (10) for the semiconductor integrated circuit, a top metal (12) and a second metal (14) are electrically connected to each other by through holes (18). Further, a capacitor metal (16) is electrically connected to the top metal (12) by through holes (20) to thereby make the top metal (12), the second metal (14) an...

A Belleville spring is interposed between adjacent end faces of a retainer and an adjuster for preventing a rattling sound of a steering gear. At least one of the end faces is conical in such a way as to taper in the same direction as the Belleville spring. The taper angle of the conical end face is smaller than that of the Belleville spring in a state free from any load. In one embodiment, a wave spring is used in place of the Belleville spring. In this case, at least one of the end faces is fo...

An AFT circuit for a television receiver automatically adjusts the frequency of a tuner local oscillator, not only on the basis of an error signal provided from an AFT discriminator, but also on the basis of horizontal synchronizing pulses contained in the video signal to which the receiver is tuned. A synch signal detector detects the presence or absence of the synchronizing pulses. A control circuit provides a control signal to the local oscillator in response to the AFT error signal when the ...

To provide an automatic image adjustment device that can automatically detect the display positions, display state, and the like of a test pattern displayed on a screen, the imaging angles of the mirror to image an adjustment pattern displayed at the positions corresponding to the vertices of a relatively small rectangle on a screen are first detected. According to the detected imaging angles, the CPU calculates the imaging angles for imaging the adjustment points at the four corners of the scre...

This invention provides a freezer/refrigerator system which has a compressor driven by an engine of a vehicle to equally supply a refrigerant under pressure to a cooler unit and a freezer/refrigerator unit. An electromagnetic valve is disposed in a refrigerant inlet pipe of the cooler unit, while a constant-pressure expansion valve which is opened at a given pressure corresponding to a proper vaporizing temperature of the refrigerant is disposed at the refrigerant inlet pipe of the freezer/refri...

The invention concerns a process of polishing wafers, in which a silicon wafer held on a wafer support plate rotatable under a predetermined applied pressure, is polished by mechanochemical polishing in a plurality of polishing steps with an abrasive material interposed between the wafer and a polishing pad cloth applied to a polishing surface plate moved relative to the wafer support plate at a predetermined relative speed. Quality comparable to that of wafers obtainable by a prior art three-st...

An adjustment reference point is defined as a point on a screen on which a corresponding adjustment point of an image is projected when the image projected by a CRT system video projector is assumed to have no raster distortion. An image correction apparatus of this invention produces a raster distortion correction data on the basis of a difference between the adjustment reference point and the corresponding adjustment point obtained from a video signal. The video signal is obtained by picking u...

The present invention is constituted so as to improve a quartz gas supply portion utilized in a normal pressure furnace, and to keep to a minimum the damage incurred by a normal pressure furnace by the shock from an earthquake. Quartz gas supply piping 25 for supplying a reactant gas is connected to a quartz reaction tube 4, which constitutes a furnace body. A stress concentration portion 23 for concentrating stress by prioritizing another location when vibration occurs in a furnace body is form...

A polishing method and apparatus for reducing wafer taper in single-wafer polishing are disclosed, by which the whole processes from measurement of thickness profile of wafers and polishing thereof are fully automated and the working efficiency is not only improved, but also the polished wafers are produced with high accuracy in reduction of the taper thereof. The present invention is executed as follows: Thickness profiles of a wafer is measured with a measurement instrument of thickness in X,Y...