A process for recovering propene and propene/propane mixtures from the off-gases obtained from the hydroformylation of propene involves contacting the off-gases with a liquid absorbent comprising at least one of the liquid substances formed during the hydroformylation of propene to absorb the propene and propane and thereafter desorbing these gases from said liquid substances.

Organic acids are prepared from their salts electrodialytically. At the same time, another acid is converted electrodialytically into the corresponding salt. Both electrodialytic conversions take place in the same electrodialysis unit. If the salt of the organic acid has been fermentatively prepared as, for example, malate from fumarate, it is possible both to prepare malic acid by electrodialysis and also to prepare fumarate from fumaric acid for the fermentation. Through coupling substrate and...

The separation of homozeotropic mixtures of a paraffin or paraffins of 6-14 carbon atoms and an alcohol or alcohols of 4-8 carbon atoms is conducted in two rectification steps. In a first step, rectification is carried out in the presence of water as the azeotropic agent, and the resultant distillate, after condensation, is separated into two liquid phases. The thus-obtained organic phase is rectified in a further step without the addition of water, and the head product consisting of an alcohol/...

A process for the preparation of keto compounds from the associated alkali metal salts, in which process protonation is carried out by electrodialysis in a nonaqueous medium without the addition of acid which is foreign to the system, and the keto compounds are thereby liberated.

The removal of water from aqueous acrylic acid solutions is carried out by removing 10 to 90 wt. % of the water by pervaporation. Subsequent work-up of the acrylic acid by distillation is thereby made easier.

Keto compounds are prepared by a condensation reaction in which an enolate is formed, and then a protonation in which the free keto compound is produced. In accordance with the invention, both condensation and protonation are carried out in one step by electrodialysis. Transesterification can also be carried out in the same step.

A method of manufacturing 2,4-hexadiyne-1,6-diol by the oxidative coupling of propargyl alcohol, in the presence of an aliphatic C.sub.4 alcohol solvent is disclosed. The 2,4-hexadiyne-1,6-diol is completely dissolved in the butanol. Residual salts dissolved in the butanol solution at the end of the reaction are separated out by electrodialysis. The salt-containing stream which is separated out and contains the catalyst salts, water, and butanol is suitable as a reaction mixture, and can be recy...

A method for extracting granular polyamides having at least 10 aliphatically bound carbon atoms per carbonamide group and a method for preparing polyamide powders from the extracted granular polyamides. The granular polyamides are extracted with dimethyl formamide at temperatures between about 70.degree. and 100.degree. C. The extracted granular polyamides are then dissolved in dimethyl formamide and the polyamide powders are formed by cooling the solution.

Techniques and tools for spatial extrapolation of pixel values in intraframe video encoding and/or decoding are described. For example, to predict the pixel values for a block of pixels, a video encoder or decoder uses spatial extrapolation from the pixel values of pixels in a causal neighborhood for the block of pixels.

Techniques and tools are described for decoding video data having extended range motion vectors. For example, a sequence level syntax element (such as a flag in a header) indicates whether one or more picture level syntax elements are present for one or more frames of the sequence. If so, then a picture level syntax element for a current frame is processed. The picture level syntax element indicates a motion vector range for the current frame, where the motion vector range may be a default range...