Process for producing a flexible wiring board by etching a metal foil halfway to form a thick film part and a thin film part, etching the thin film part in order to form a first wiring film having the thick film part and a second wiring film having the thin film part with the first wiring film having a larger thickness than the second wiring film. The sectional area and electrical resistance of the first wiring film can be enlarged, even in cases where the first wiring film and the second wiring...

The flexible wiring board has a first wiring film and a second wiring film. Because the first wiring film has a larger thickness than the second wiring film, the sectional area and electrical resistance of the first wiring film can be enlarged because of the larger film thickness even in a case where the first and second wiring films have almost the same width. Therefore, a high current can flow through the first wiring film, although the wiring film has a small width. As a result, a high densit...

A polymer clad quartz optical fiber cord comprising a core of quartz glass, a clad of an organic polymer surrounding said core, a protective layer surrounding said clad and a covering layer surrounding said protective layer, and an organic polymeric tension fiber disposed between said protective layer and said covering layer characterized in that the cross-sectional structure of said cord satisfies the following formula: ##EQU1## where D3 represents the outer diameter (in mm) of said protective ...

A PDP apparatus, the peak luminance of which has been improved with little modification of the existing circuit structure, has been disclosed, in which a thinning process that shortens an address period by hiding part of display lines in a fixed subfield of a low luminance is performed, the saved time is increased by an amount corresponding to that from which the luminance weight (the number of sustain discharge pulses, that is, the length of the sustain discharge period) of the thinned subfield...

An optical receptacle comprises a precision sleeve, a stub with an optical fiber fixed to one end of an inner hole of the precision sleeve through an adhesive, and a sleeve holder fixed to an outer periphery of the precision sleeve by press-fitting or through the adhesive. An outer periphery of the stub with an optical fiber and the inner hole of the precision sleeve has a surface roughness Ra value of 0.1 .mu.m or more and 0.5 .mu.m or less.

A driving method and a PDP apparatus of a dot-matrix type PDP, in which a display of high-luminance and high-quality can be obtained when driven by the interlacing method, have been disclosed. In the driving method to drive, using the interlacing method, a dot matrix type AC plasma display panel comprising display electrodes that are arranged adjacently, extend in the same direction, and execute a light-emitting action in each display cell, and a rib that separates individual display cells, wher...

There is provided a semiconductor device including (a) a semiconductor chip, (b) a wiring making. electrical connection with the semiconductor chip and containing copper (Cu) therein, (c) a solder ball making contact with the wiring and containing tin (Sn) therein, and (d) a layer made of copper-tin (Cu--Sn) alloy, sandwiched between the wiring and the solder ball, and having a thickness equal to or greater than about 1.87 micrometers. The copper-tin alloy layer strengthens connection between th...

A door switch apparatus is provided in an automatic vending machine to cut off electric power to exposed electrical devices mounted on the inside face of the vending machine's service door when the door is opened. The switch is constructed with safeguard members to protect against inadvertent contact by a service person, ensuring that the exposed electrical devices will not be electrified until the service person closes the service door.

A group of high order subfields and a group of low order subfields are provided, at least one independent control subfield is provided in the group of low order subfields and in other low order subfields, two lines are simultaneously addressed using the same data. Hereby, a display and an image displaying method wherein an address control period is reduced, using this surplus time, the luminance is enhanced, multiple gradations are provided or a pseudo contour interference is reduced, the resolu...

A PDP apparatus, the peak luminance of which has been improved with little modification of the existing circuit structure, has been disclosed, in which a thinning process that shortens an address period by hiding part of display lines in a fixed subfield of a low luminance is performed, the saved time is increased by an amount corresponding to that from which the luminance weight (the number of sustain discharge pulses, that is, the length of the sustain discharge period) of the thinned subfield...