1948-08-23

Abstract of GB606935 606,935. Making pressure vessels. HARVEY & CO. (LONDON), Ltd., G. A., and FERGUSSON, H. B. Jan. 22, 1946, No. 2108. [Classes 83 (ii) and 83 (iv)] Coiling; uniting by fusion.-Thick-walled high-pressure vessels are made by first forming a longitudinally welded open-ended cylinder from a steel plate, and after removing the proud welding, winding a steel strip helically round the cylinder and welding the edges, winding and welding one or,more further strips thereon with staggered seams or wound in the opposite direction and providing flanged or thickened ends to secure closures. The coiling may be effected by rotatably mounting the cylinder 1 in a lathe and feeding the strip 4 from a drum 5 on a frame mounted on a truck 10, through straightening rolls 6, heating furnace 7, tension rolls 8 and guide rolls 9 carried by the truck, which runs on rails 11. The frame may be swivelled horizontally and set at any desired angle relatively to the cylinder axis. To ensure that the strip 4 is in a hot condition when it reaches the cylinder a narrow strip 4<SP>*</SP> may be welded to the end of the main strip 4, the free end being welded to a short extension 1* tack-welded to one end of the cylinder. The inner surface of the cylinder is cooled by water &c. during coiling, so that it will be a tight-fit against the helical layer. The helical joints are welded either during cooling or subsequently by an automatic welding head 12 attached to the lathe tool-box. The ends of the cylinder may be built up by additional windings to form a flange 14, Fig. 4, in which holes may be drilled and tapped to receive screwed studs 15 by means of which ends 16 are secured to the cylinder. Alternatively the solid dished-and-flanged closures 17 may be welded to the ends of the cylinder. To prevent excessive pressures on the outer layers of a strip in the event of corrosion or leakage from the cylinder holes may be drilled or punched through each strip.

8

1948-08-23

B23K9/032 ; B23K9/02

B23K9/032B

GB19460002108 19460122

GB19460002108 19460122

1	Improvements in the construction of thick walled high pressure vessels
	Inventor:	Applicant: G A HARVEY & CO LONDON LTD; HUGH BOSCAWEN FERGUSSON
	EC:B23K9/032B	IPC: B23K9/032;B23K9/02
	Publication info: GB606935 A - 1948-08-23

1	TUBULAR PRESSURE VESSEL
	Inventor: COWLEY JOHN JAMES	Applicant: THERAPEUTIC RESEARCH CORP LTD
	EC:F17C1/00	IPC: F17C1/00;F17C1/00; (IPC1-7): F25J5/00 (+2)
	Publication info: US3432060 - 1969-03-11

performed, we declare that what we claim 10(

is:1. The production of thick walled pressure vessels which consists in first forming an open-ended cylinder from a steel plate, welding the seam and there- iOs after removing the proud welding, winding a strip of steel spirally round the outer surface of the cylinder, welding the adjacent edges of the strip, winding and welding a further layer of strip steel onto 110 the outer surface of the first strip, the adjacent edges of said second strip being staggered relatively to the adjacent edges of the first strip, the cylindrical vessel thus formed being provided with thickened ends which may be drilled and tapped to receive studs by means of which closure ends may be secured to the cylinder.

2. The production of thick walled 120 pressure vessels as claimed in Claim 1, in which a plurality of strips of steel are superimposed on the outer surface of the cylinder and on the outer surface of each completed spiral, the alternate spirals 125 being wound in opposite directions.

3. The production of thick walled pressure vessels as claimed in Claim 1, in which the ends of the cylinder are built up by additional windings to form 130 606,93.5 flanges to enable holes to be drilled and tapped to receive screwed studs by means of which the closure ends may be secured to the cylinder.

4. The production of thick walled pressure vessels as claimed in Claim 1, in which the ends of the cylinder are closed by solid dished and flanged ends directly welded to the ends of the cylinder.

5. The production of thick walled pressure vessels as claimed in Claim 1, in whick the steel strip is fed from a drum through flattening rollers, then through a heating furnace and from thence through tension and guide rollers to the preformed cylinder, which latter is cooled in any convenient manner.

6. The production of thick walled pres2 sure vessels as claimed in Claim 1,, in which the adjacent edges of the spiral steel strip are welded together while it is being wou.ld on the built up cylinder by a welding head arranged to travel longitudinally parallel with the axis of the 25 evlinder.

7. The production of thick walled pressure vessels as claimed in Claim 1, in which a narrow band is welded to the end of the main steel strip, the extreme end 30 of said narrow band being welded to the outer surface of a short extension tak] welded to one end of the main cylinder for the purpose of ensuring that the main steel strip is at the desired temperature 35 when it reaches the cylinder.

8. The production of thick walled pressure vessels substantially as described and as illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawing. 40 Dated this 17th day of January, 1947.

PHILLIPS'S.

Leamington Spa: Printed for His Majesty's Stationery Office, by the Courier Press.-1948.

Published at The- Patent Office, 25, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.2, from which copies, price Is. 0d. each (inland) Is. Id. (abroad) may be obtaiued.

ERRATUM PI';('JFICATJON Xo.;fiU,9235 In1 the healing on plage 1 Jan. 22.

1964;jeadM' -Jan. '2), 1q4 THE PATENT OFrFICE, '3/(1.(- nry1949.

. M 4:5.Ji.

PATENT SPECIFICATION

Application Date: Jan. 22, 1964.

606,935 No. 2108146.

Complete Specification Left: Jan. 1, 1947.

Complete Specification Accepted: Aug. 23, 1948.

Index at acceptance:-Classes 83(ii), A(26: 83); and 83(iv), E3(c: g), E10(h: i), E12, T5.

PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION

Improvements in the Construction of Thick Walled High Pressure Vessels We, G. A. HARVEY & CO. (LONDON) LIMITED, a British Company, of Greenwich Metal Works, Woolwich Road, London, S.E.7, and HuJGH BOSCAWEN FERG-TSSON, a British Subject, of Sundridge Park Hotel, Bromley, Kent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows: This invention relates to the construcI tion of thick walled high pressure vessels and it has for its object to reduce the cost of producing very thick walled pressure vessels and to obtain a more even distribution of the circumferential stresses in I5 the wall of the vessel than is possible in the case of solid wall pressure vessels. A further object of the invention is to produce vessels with walls of any desired thickness.

According to this invention it is proposed to form thick walled pressure vessels by first forming an open-ended cylinder from a 'steel plate, welding,.the seam and thereafter removing the proud welding, winding a heated strip of steel spirally round the outer surface of the cylinder, welding the adjacent edges of the strip, winding and welding one or more further layers of strip steel on to the built up cylinder, the second and subsequent layers being staggered relatively to the previous layer or spirally wound in the reverse direction to the previous layer; the ends of the cylinder thus formed may be built up by additional windings to form flanges which may be drilled and tapped to receive studs by means of which closure ends may be secured to the cylinder.

According to one embodiment of this invention an open-ended cylinder is first formed from a steel plate by rolling, the longitudinal seam being welded, and to produce a smooth outer surface the outside proud welding is removed, the cylinder thus formed is placed in a screwcutting lathe. A strip of steel, which may be mild steel or alloy steel, of any desired width from a few inches up to two feet or more and having a thickness 50 of from one-eighth to one-quarter of an inch is fed from a drum through flattening rollers, then through a heating furnace. The heated strip is then passed through tension rollers by means of which 55 any desired stress canr be placed on the strip, and then through guide rollers attached to the tool box on the lathe from which it is spirally wound round the outer surface of the cylinder which may 60 be cooled in a convenient manner such as by causing water to flow through the inside of the cylinder, The drum on which the strip is mounted, the flattening rolls, furnace 65 and tension rolls and means for measuring the tension on the strip may all be mounted on a frame running on a truck mounted on rails and connected to the tool box of the lathe so that it travels 70 therewith, the frame or truck is capable of being swivelled horizontally and set at any desired angle relatively to the axis of the cylinder.

An automatic welding head is attached 7t5 to the tool-box on the opposite side of the lathe, or if desired on the same side as the furnace and other parts, for tie purpose of welding the spiral joint of the strip while it is being wound on, or, the E50 strip may be wound the full length of the cylinder and the welding done afterwards.

With the object of ensuring that the main strip is in a hot condition when it 85 reaches the cylinder, a narrow band or strip may be welded to the end of the main strip coming off the roll, and the free end of this narrow strip is welded to a short extension of the cylinder which 90 has been previously tack welded to one end of the main cylinder.

AMENDMENT -SEE LAST PAGE (606,935 One or more further layers of strip may be wound round the outer surface of the first spiral winding, the second or subsequent layer or layers being staggered relatively to the previous under layer so as to permit the welded joint to be staggered, or, alternatively the second or subsequent layers may be spirally wound in the reverse direction. The winding of layers on the cylinder is continued until a wall thickness sufficient to withstand the desired working pressure is attained.

The ends of the cylinder thus formed may be built up still further by additional windings, spiral or otherwise, or, in any other convenient manner, to form flanges to enable holes to be drilled and tapped to receive screwed studs by means of which the ends of the pressure cylinder are closed with forged ends, or, alterna- So tively dished and flanged ends may be attached by welding or other means.

In order to prevent excessive pressure being placed on the outer layers of the strip in the event of corrosion or leakage 25 from the inner cylinder, holes may be drilled or punched through each layer of the strip either before or after it is wound on the cylinder.

Dated this 22nd day of January, 194(i.

PHILLIPS'S, Chartered Patent Agents, Bank Chambers, 329, High Holborn. London, W.C.].

COMPLETE SPECIFICATIO'N Improvements in the Construction of Thick Walled High Pressure Vessels We, G. A. HARVEY & CO. (LONDON) LIMITED, a British Company, of Greenwich Metal Works, Woolwich Road, London, S.E.7, and Hu1GH BOSCAWEN FERGUSSON, a British Subject, of Sund3,5 ridge Park Hotel, Bromley, Kent, do hereby declare the nature of this inventidn and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-

This invention relates to the construction of thick walled high pressure vessels an'd it has for its object to reduce the cost of producing very thick walled pressure vessels and to obtain a more even distribution of the circumferential stresses in the wall of the vessel than is possible in the case of solid wall pressure vessels.

A further object of the invention is to produce vessels with walls of any desired thickness.

According to this invention it is proposed to form thick walled pressure vessels by first forming an open-ended cylinder from a steel plate, welding the longitudinal seam and thereafter removing the proud welding, winding a strip of steel spirally round the outer surface of the cylinder, welding the adjacent edges of the strip, winding and welding one or more further layers of strip steel on to the built up cylinder, the second and subsequent layers being staggered relatively to the previous layer or spirally wound in the reverse direction to the previous layer: the ends of the cylinder thus formed being provided with flanges or thickened ends which may be drilled and tapped to receive studs by means of which closure ends may be secured to the 70 cylinder.

In the accompanying drawings which illustrate this invention Figure 1 is a plan view diagrammatically illustrating a lay-out of one means 75 of carrying out the invention.

Figure 2 is an end view thereof.

Figure 3 is a perspective view illustrating a partially formed vessel constructed according to this invention 80 Figure 4 is a fragmentary view of a.

part of the vessel shown in Figure 3, and Figure 5 is a fragmentary view of a.

modification.

According to the embodiment of this 85 invention illustrated in the drawings, an open ended cylinder 1 is first formed from a steel plate by rolling, the longitudinal seam 2 being welded, and to produce a smooth outer surface the outside proud welding is removed, the cylinder thus formed, as shown in Figure 1, is rotatably supported in a suitable machine, such as in a screw-cutting lathe 3. A strip of steel 4, which may be mild 95 steel or alloyed steel, of any desired width from a few inches up to two feet or more and having a thickness of front one-eighth to one quarter of an inch is fed from a drum.5 through flattening log rollers 6, then through a heating furnace j from which the heated strip is passed through tension rollers 8 by means of which any desired stress can be placed on the strip, which strip then passes lot through guide rollers 9 attached to the tool box on the lathe from which it is spirally wound round the outer surface of the cylinder 1 whinch niay be cooled in 606,935 any convenient manner such aF; by causing water to flow through the inside of the cylinder 1.

The drum 5 on which the strip 4 is mounted, the flattening rollers 6, furnace 7, tension rollers 8 and means for measuring the tension on the strip, may all be mounted on a frame mounted on a truck 10 running on rails 11, said truck being connected to the tool box of the lathe so that it travels therewith, the frame or truck is capable of being swivelled horizontally and set at any desired angle relatively to the axis of the cylinder 1.

An automatic welding head 12 is attached to the tool-box on the opposite side of the lathe, or if desired on the same side as the furnace and other parts, for the purpose of welding the spiral joint 13 of the strip 4 while it is being wound on, or, the strip 4 may be wound the full length of the cylinder 1 and the welding of the spiral joint effected afterwards.

With the object of ensuring that the main strip 4 is in a hot condition when it reaches the cylinder 1, a narrow band or strip 4 may be welded to the end of the main strip 4 coming off the drum 5, and the free end of this narrowed strip 4 is welded to a short extension 1', of the same diameter as the cylinder 1, which extension has been previously tack welded to one end of the main cylinder 1.

One or more further layers of the strip 4 may be wound round the outer surface of the first spiral winding, the second or subsequent layer or layers being staggered relatively to the previous under layer so as to permit the welded joint to be staggered, or, alternately the second or subsequent layers. may be spirally wound in the reverse direction. The winding of layers on the cylinder is continued until a wall thickness sufficient to withstand the desired working pressure is attained.

The ends of the cylinder thus formed may be built up still further by additional windings, spirally or in any other convenient manner, as shown in Figure 4, to form a flange as at 14 in which holes may be drilled and tapped to receive screwthreaded studs 15 by means of which the ends of the pressure cylinder are closed with forged ends 16, or alternatively the ends may be closed by means of a solid dished and flanged domed, pressed or spun end 17. By this method it would not be necessary to build up the ends of the cylinder as the flange 18 of the end 17 would be the same thickness as the main wall of the built up cylinder and would be directly welded thereto as shown in Figure 5.

In order to prevent excessive pressures being placed on the outer layers of the strip in the event of corrosion or leakage 70 from the inner cylinder, holes 19 may be drilled or punched through each layer or strip either before or after it is wound on the cylinder 1.

With reference to the statement that 7b provision is made for cooling the cylinder 1 as the heated strip 4 is wound thereon it may be stated that it has been found that when the first layer of strip is wound on, the inner cylinder gets hot and expands. The strip 4, being thinner, cools first, while the thicker cylinder is still hot, and as the cylinder shrinks in cooling it forms a loose fit with the strip.

The main object of the invention is to 85 produce very thick welded vessels for very high pressures and avoid the necessity of bending thick plates into a cylindrical form to make the shells of these pressure vessels and also to pre-stress by 90 compression the inner portion of the wall of said vessel so as to have the advantage of a considerable amount of pressure being required to take up the precompressive stress before any tensile 95 stress comes on the wall of the vessel.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said invention and in what manner the same is to be