In seismic exploration, an index set of travel time curves is specified. This index set of travel curves is used to determine velocity by a signal detection technique. At different values of zero offset time, different velocities are associated with each of the curves. Since the index set of travel time curves is computed only once, for a prescribed velocity time range, considerable computer time is saved. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to the continuous estimation of acousti...

A demand estimation apparatus for controlling machines according to revised estimated demand values wherein estimated demand values are calculated by dividing demand cycles which are fluctuating similarly cyclically into a plurality of sections (time zones), an adjusting section is interposed between each two sections adjoining each other, and an estimate of the fluctuation of the demand is determined based on measurements of both the demand value of the adjusting section and the demand values o...

A system and method of speed estimation for a cellular radio network includes a number of speed estimation units. Each unit comprises an averaging window of a different duration, a buffer store and variance calculator. The duration of each window is equivalent to the time taken by a mobile unit to traverse a distance of 20 wavelengths of the received signal at a particular speed. An incoming signal is applied to the units. The duration of the window determines the significance of the fast fade c...

A method is described for estimating the bone quality of a vertebrate on the basis of two-dimensional image data comprising information relating to the trabecular structure of at least part of a bone of the vertebrate, the image data being data obtained by exposing at least the part of the bone to electromagnetic radiation, the method comprising subjecting the image data to a statistical analysis comprising deriving features from a parametric estimate of a power spectrum and/or deriving features...

A direct injection engine is coupled to a vacuum brake booster wherein vacuum created from engine pumping is used to supplement driver braking force. The brake booster is coupled through a check valve to the engine intake manifold. A method is disclosed for estimating pressure in the brake booster based on operating conditions. A method is also disclosed for estimating operating parameters based on measured brake booster pressure. Further, a method is disclosed for diagnosing degradation, or mon...

A method of comparing a current block in a current frame to a plurality of background blocks in a preceding frame. Each block includes a matrix of data values arranged in a given number of columns. The method uses a processor which has a plurality of computational registers, each register capable of receiving a number of the data values at least equal to the given number. The data values are loaded from a memory beginning at an address in the memory evenly divisible by the given number. The meth...

A device for use in determining the sedimentation rate of blood samples having a stand, a rack removably mounted on the stand and adapted to retain a plurality of specimen holders for blood samples, and a manifold with a plurality of pipette holders adapted to each receive a pipette and establish through a common manifold communication of the pipettes with an apparatus for drawing a vacuum. The manifold can be carried by the stand in one position with the free end of the pipettes above the speci...

A demand estimation apparatus wherein one cycle of a demand fluctuating substantially cyclically is divided into a plurality of sections having predetermined time widths, the demand is measured by cumulating demand measurements taken a varying number of times for each section and assigning an increasing weighting parameter for successively newer measured values, an estimated demand for each section is calculated based on the measured values for the section and a weight coefficient, and the weigh...

An apparatus wherein a demand fluctuating substantially cyclically is divided into a plurality of sections having predetermined time intervals and wherein the demand is estimated for each section on the basis of the measured result of the demand in the section, characterized in that an adjusting section is set in the vicinity of the boundary between two sections adjoining each other, and that the estimation value of the demand in the adjusting section is compared with the respective estimation v...

In a method of estimating motion vectors from subsampled video data (I), first vectors are estimated (ME, PM2) between an image with a first sub-sampling phase and an earlier image sub-sampled with a second sub-sampling phase, second vectors are estimated (ME, PM1) between an image with a second sub-sampling phase and an earlier image sub-sampled with a first subsampling phase, and the first and second vectors are combined (CD) to obtain output motion vectors (MV).