An electrode assembly for polarographic assay of glucose in solution having a laminated membrane, the outer membrane being from 1 to 20 .mu.m thick and having a pore size of 10 to 125 .ANG., the inner membrane having a thickness of 2 to 4 .mu.m, and bonded to the outer membrane with immobilized glucose oxidase. Rapid assays are carried out by measuring the current difference before equilibrium is attained and at least 5 seconds after initial contact of sample with the outer membrane.

A biochemical sensor based on ball integrated circuit technology which is designed to be biocompatible for implantation within a human or animal body. A sensor media is mounted to the ball integrated circuit, the sensor media operable for sensing biochemical molecules. An onboard communication link transmits data sensed by the sensor media from the ball integrated circuit.

A glucose sensor for electrically determining blood glucose concentration for in vivo and in vitro applications and comprising an iridium substrate with an oxidized surface, to which is bonded a first film of silanized gamma propyltriethoxysilane and a second film of glucose oxidase covalently bonded thereto. The electrode provides an electrial signal, the amplitude of which varies in response to changes in blood glucose concentration, with the electrode being both rugged and stable.

The present invention provides a high performance glucose sensor which can demonstrate high stability against preservation and produces only a low blank value. The glucose sensor comprises an electrically insulating base plate, an electrode system formed on the base plate, and a reaction layer which is formed in contact with or in the vicinity of the electrode system and contains at least a glucose dehydrogenase whose coenzyme is pyrrolo-quinoline quinone, the reaction layer further containing a...

A redox electrode for the rapid detection of glucose in aqueous media and a method for its use are provided. The redox electrode comprises an electrically conductive member such as copper, and a redox membrane in direct contact with said electrically conductive member. The redox membrane comprises a polymer matrix such as PVC containing a plasticizer, and a complex of 7,7,8,8 -tetracyanoquinodimethane and tetrathiafulvalene with the complex having a burgundy-red coloration and characterized by a...

Disclosed is a water-soluble PQQGDH wherein two subunits are linked together via a disulfide bond. The water-soluble PQQGDH of the invention exhibits improved thermal stability.

Methods are provided for the modulation of hSGLT3 protein glucosensor activity. The sensor is expressed in cholinergic neurons that regulate muscle activity, and in tissues including the brain and pacreas. The present invention also provides methods of identifying therapeutic compounds that modify the function of these sensors. Such therapeutic compounds have a functional effect on regulators of muscle activity, including gastrointestinal smooth muscles; on regulation of weight and metabolism; r...

Disclosed is a modified glucose dehydrogenase having pyrroloquinoline quinone as a coenzyme, wherein one or more amino acid residues in a region of amino acid 349-377 of water-soluble PQQGDH derived from Acinetobacter calcoaceticus is replaced with other amino acid residues and has an inhibition constant (Ksi) of 200 mM or more. The modified water-soluble PQQGDH of the invention can be utilized for measuring glucose levels in the presence of high concentrations of glucose because of the low subs...

Disclosed is a modified glucose dehydrogenase having pyrroloquinoline quinone as a coenzyme, wherein one or more amino acid residues in a region of 186-206 amino acid of water-soluble PQQGDH derived from Acinetobacter calcoaceticus or in an equivalent region from other species are replaced with other amino acid residues. Also disclosed is a gene coding for the modified glucose dehydrogenase of the invention, a vector comprising the gene of the invention and a transformant comprising the vector, ...

The present invention provides glucose dehydrogenase which is excellent in heat resistance and substrate specificity and is not affected by dissolved oxygen. Specifically, the present invention relates to glucose dehydrogenase characterized by being derived from an eukaryotic organism and keeping 90% or more activity after being treated with heat at 55.degree. C. for 15 minutes in a liquid form compared with the activity before being treated.