A reproducible process for preparing a substantially single enantiomer (R or S) of 4-cyano-4-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-methylhexanoic acid, or an analogue thereof, thereby providing single enantiomer acid for the first time, proceeds by means of a classical salt resolution employing a resolving agent selected from an enantiomer (R or S) of a 1-arylalkylamine and (-)-quinine, and provides novel salts that are readily convertible to verapamil.

The present invention is a chemical method for obtaining an optically pure 2-aminonitrile or a 2-aminoamide from (1) an optically impure mixture, (2) a racemic mixture, or (3) the optically pure enantiomer of the opposite configuration, in an amount greater than actually present, by use of optically active acids with a ketone or an aldehyde catalyst. Yields of greater than 70 percent of one enantiomer are obtained from racemic mixtures in very short time periods.

A process for the resolution of a racemate, namely of DL-N-benzyloxycarbonyl-2-(p-hydroxyphenyl)-glycine.

L-lysineamide dihydrochloride can be isolated by preparing the intermediate D- and L-lysineamide-L-pyrrolidone carboxylate hydrochloride salts which can be separated from alkanol solution by fractional crystallization. The L-lysineamide pyrrolidone carboxylate hydrochloride salt is then treated with excess hydrogen chloride to form the desired L-lysineamide dihydrochloride.

Improved resolution of magnetic toner image on a substrate is obtained by removing excess toner from a recording member containing parallel lines of flux by passing an air flow substantially parallel to the premagnetization line pattern to remove excess toner prior to toner transfer to the substrate.

Data analysis systems are provided, especially target imaging and identification systems, which utilize a CAM that associatively stores a plurality of known data sets such as target data sets in a synaptic interconnectivity matrix modeled upon the model of learning of neural networks. In accordance with preferred embodiments the systems are able to identify unknown objects when only a partial data set from the object is available. The system is robust and fast, utilizing parallel processing due ...

A process for obtaining a substantially pure enantiomer of ibuprofen is described. The process utilizes first an enantiomerically enriched mixture of ibuprofen obtained from kinetic resolution, diastereomeric crystallization or asymmetric synthesis processes. This enriched mixture is dissolved in a solvent and solid racemic ibuprofen is separated, leaving a mother liquid comprising the solvent and the enriched enantiomer substantially free of the other enantiomer.

A method for resolving (.+-.)-(.alpha.)-(3-benzoylphenyl) propionic acid is disclosed. The method comprises: i) converting said propionic acid with (-)-cinchonidine in a solvent comprising a mixture of an aliphatic ester and an alkyl alcohol; ii) separating teh diastereomeric salt from such conversion; iii) purifying said separated diastereomeric salt by a single recrystallization; and iv) isolating highly pure (+)-.alpha.-(3-benzoylphenyl) propionic acid without any further recrystallization.

An apparatus and method for resolving an emulsion that has an aqueous phase and an organic phase that includes components capable of polymerizing or coagulating. The emulsion is added to a tank and heated (with gentle agitation to avoid formation of hot spots) to a temperature sufficient to prevent it from setting up inside the tank. A non-corrosive inorganic separation aid incapable of initiating polymerization of the emulsion or its constituents is added to the tank with mixing to cause the em...

A mobile communication apparatus comprises a processor means and an interface. The interface comprises a display and a input means, which comprises a rotating input means arranged to provide a angular movement signal in accordance with an angular movement of the rotating input means. The processor means is adapted to generate a selectable number of counts from said angular movement signal.