A purified highly specific tuberculin, substantially free of protein, useful in the diagnosis of tuberculosis in humans and a process for preparing said tuberculin. Unlike known tuberculins, the aforesaid tuberculin is capable of being used to distinguish between tuberculosis-infected individuals and other individuals such as BCG-vaccinated individuals, and individuals infected with atypical mycobacteria of Runyon Groups I, II, III and IV. The average molecular weight of the purified highly spec...