Techniques are used to evaluate margin of programmable memory cells. In particular, techniques are used to measure negative erased threshold voltage levels. Techniques are used to increase the longevity and reliability of memory cells by adjusting a window of memory cell operation.

The present invention provides methods and apparatuses for determining at least one of a plurality of particle physical characteristics. The particle physical characteristics include particle size, shape, magnetic susceptibility, magnetic label density, charge separation, dielectric constant, and derivatives thereof. The method includes generating a region of space having a substantially constant force field, determining the velocity of at least one particle within the region by identifying and ...

A coupling has two parts supported one inside the other, which are rotatable relative to one another around a common longitudinal axis. Together, the parts form a chamber filled with a highly viscous fluid and which is sealed by an axially movable piston. The coupling also includes a friction coupling with friction elements, having a spring assembly which is supported on a stop part and acting on a pressure plate. When the piston is in a position of rest, the friction elements of the friction co...

A method of determining damping coefficients for a resilient web, involving: stretching a prescribed length of the web between a pair of pulleys mounted on a frame; attaching a prescribed test mass M.sub.0 upon this length at a prescribed distance L.sub.1 from one pulley; shaking the frame at resonance frequency f.sub.R, and the while deriving resonance-amplitude; and using the foregoing to determine web damping coefficients.

What is disclosed is a method for compensating for printer characteristics having a tone reproduction curve which is either too rough to be fitted by interpolation or which does not have a simple parametric function. The method comprising first placing a first set of control points on the tone reproduction curve such that each point is representative of the behavior of the curve in the vicinity of that point and fitting a first smoothed curve to the first set of control points. A subset of point...

According to some embodiments, first data including a token is shifted into an IEEE 1149.1-compliant shift register and second data is received, the second data being shifted out from the IEEE 1149.1-compliant shift register as a result of the shifting of the first data. Next, it is determined whether the second data includes the token. In some aspects, a size of the IEEE 1149.1-compliant shift register is determined based on the second data.

A device for measuring eye characteristics, an operation device, and the coordinate origin and the coordinate axes of each eye are sufficiently related with one another. A measuring unit (111) measures eye optical characteristics based on a first light receiving signal from a first light receiving unit (23), and measures a cornea topography based on a second light receiving signal from a second light receiving unit (35). The measuring unit (111) also computes an ablation amount based on an aberr...

Apparatuses and methods for medical monitoring physiological characteristic values such as blood glucose levels for the treatment of diabetes, are presented. The apparatuses and methods provide for preventing any negative consequence in the operation of a monitor and/or infusion device as a result of disorientation that may occur from waking from slumber with a low blood glucose level. In addition, a graphical display is disclosed incorporating a variety of enhancements which readily conveys to ...

A developing device includes a developer bearing body disposed in opposition to a latent image bearing body for bearing a latent image thereon. The developer bearing body develops the latent image using a developer. The developer has a degree of circularity greater than or equals to 0.93. The developing device further includes a developer layer forming member that contacts the developer on the developer bearing body to thereby form a developer layer. The developer bearing body rotates at a circu...

A flow detection device for detecting a flow characteristic of a fluid within a pipe is disclosed. The flow detection device includes a first channel portion that defines a first channel with an upstream aperture. The fluid can flow into the first channel through the upstream aperture. The device also includes a flow sensor disposed in the first channel, and the flow sensor detects the flow characteristic of the fluid. Furthermore, the device includes a flow straightening member that is provided...