
A transducer is coupled either directly in a linear relationship, or remotely in an angular relationship, to a focusing element. The transducer and focusing element preferably extend a length at least equal to the diameter of a substrate to be cleaned thereby. The transducer and focusing assembly impart focused megasonic energy to a fluid in contact therewith. Three embodiments of a cleaning system which advantageously employ the transducer/focuser assembly are disclosed. The transducer/focuser ...











