By coding (ENC1) data (D), coded data (CD) and, in addition, a set of parameters (PAR) for decoding (DEC1) the coded data (CD) are obtained. MPEG video coding is an example of such a coding. The coded data (CD) is modified by carrying out the following steps. The coded data (CD) is, at least partially, decoded (DEC1) so as to obtain decoded data (DD). The decoded data (DD) is modified (MOD) so as to obtain modified data (MD). The modified data (MD) is coded (ENC) so as to obtain coded modified d...

A color coded flexible armored cable includes a tubular sheath formed from a metal strip having a continuous, non-patterned, non-conductive color coating applied to the entirety of an abraded outer surface of the strip. The color coating is of a predetermined precise thickness and includes a polyethylene based wax lubricant in a percent by volume of about 0.45 to 0.55. The strip is formed into helical convolutions having a cross-sectional shape which provides for overlap and interlocking of adja...

A universal method of trellis encoding signals mapped according to any signal constellation format involves constructing an encoder output table and a state transition table. The encoder output table defines the output symbol of an encoder given the input symbol and the present state of the encoder, while the state transition table defines the next state of the encoder given the present state of the encoder and the input applied to the encoder. The output table and the next state table are const...

A region defined in relation to a surface, and a method for defining such a region; coded data being disposed within the region, the coded data being indicative of an identity of the region; in one embodiment, the coded data comprising a plurality of tags which substantially cover the region, the tags being usable to uniquely identify the region or at least distinguish it from other regions defined in relation to the surface.

A memory system having a memory controller and a memory device coupled to the memory controller. The memory controller outputs a write data value to the memory device. The memory device receives the write data value from the memory controller, and compares the write data value with a mask key value. If the write data value matches the mask key value, the memory device does not store the write data value. If the write data value does not match the mask key value, the memory device stores the writ...

This invention provides methods and apparatus for protecting data transmitted using standard compression techniques such as Huffman coding. After input data is preprocessed (filtered, quantized, etc.), the data is encoded using a Huffman coder based on Huffman codes or code books which have been scrambled to change the order of the code books and/or codes from established standard Huffman code books and/or codes. When the transmitted information is received by a Huffman code receiver, the receiv...

An electrical cable includes a sheath that envelops at least two internal conductors, and an indicia visible on the sheath is representative of the internal conductor.

A multi-ply business form includes at least a lower ply and an upper ply wherein the upper ply overlies only a portion of the lower ply, leaving a first portion of the lower ply exposed in adjacent relationship to the upper ply. The upper ply has a two part label thereon including a release layer on a relatively small part of the upper ply, and an adhesive label overlying the release layer. The release layer and the adhesive label have information impact printed thereon, while the exposed portio...

A coded signaling and control system including one or more transmitters and one or more receivers, wherein both the transmitters and the receivers are coded or programmed to transmit a unique signal for actuating only selected ones of the receivers. Digital logic and switching circuits are used to generate a transmission sequence containing an initial reset burst followed by alternate shift and code bit signals terminating with a comparison and latching signal. All of the receivers in the system...

A machine readable binary encoded label having start, data, and stop sections comprising concentric arcuate or linear bars of two different reflectivities. The annular portions or bars are arranged into a coded array such that no more than four adjacent bars are of the same reflectivity type. The start and stop portions are arranged to provide to a scanner sufficient information to determine the scan rate of the scanner regardless of the rate of scan or dimension of bars merely by the scanning p...