Disclosure is made of a low-inductance (L = 0.5 to 3 mH) controlled discharger for commutating megampere currents, having a maximum controllability range with respect to voltage, and a small operation lag. The low inductance and high transmitting capacity are due to the formation by a creeping discharge of a multichannel (from 10 to 40 channels) breakdown over the surface of a thin-layer dielectric element. Two main electrodes and one control electrode placed therebetween are arranged on one sid...

A method of and apparatus for controlling the opening and/or closing of contacts of an electro-mechanical switching device in an alternating current circuit. Detection is made for the existence of a voltage having a level which is indicative of a back emf in a load circuit immediately following opening of the contacts, and if such a voltage level is detected an incremental adjustment is made in the phase angle at which successive actuations of the contacts are effected. This procedure is repeate...

A controlled oscillator suitable for construction largely in integrated circuit form includes an oscillating amplifier stage and a regenerative feedback loop including a resonant frequency determining element coupled to the amplifier stage for providing an oscillatory reference signal. A phase shift network is provided outside the loop for shifting the phase of the oscillatory signal a predetermined amount. A control circuit which is supplied with the phase shifted oscillatory signal to produce ...

A reversible electric motor is operatively arranged to drive an air circulating fan. Circuitry is provided to reverse the direction of rotation of electric motor periodically to provide alternating direction of air movement. Timing and reversal is provided by either a timing clock, a microprocessor, a thermal relay or a rotating disc which carries a pair of touch stops therein.

An oscillator in which a selected portion of selected oscillatory cycles can be synchronized with a corresponding selected feature occuring in an externally supplied signal using logic gates with feedback thereabout and an input capacitance.

A controlled crystal oscillator of a stereo decoder of a television receiver using CMOS technology includes first, second and third differential emplifiers that produce corresponding first, second and third pairs of anti-phase output signals. The first and second differential amplifiers have variable gains that vary in opposing manners in accordance with a frequency control signal. The oscillatory signal of a crystal is coupled to corresponding input terminals of the three differential amplifier...

A controlled oscillator comprising a delay chain having a plurality of series coupled delay lines, the output of the delay chain being fed back as an input to each of the delay lines. Each delay line comprising an invertor such that the delay imparted by the invertor is controlled by a voltage controlled resistance means. The length of the delay chain is controlled by a selection control means which in turn controls the frequency range of operation of the oscillator.

A controlled valve comprising a substantially hollow and elongate body fitted at its longitudinal ends with means for coupling to a pipe that is to be closed, the body including a transverse partition with a central channel formed therethrough, and also including a closure element that is movable parallel to the fluid flow between a closed position in which a zone of said element is in contact with a stationary bearing surface formed on the transverse partition and an open position in which said...

A differential assembly includes a case (12), an input (30) for effecting rotation of the case, pinion means (36, 38) associated with the case, a pair of side gears (32, 34) meshing with the pinion means, a first output shaft (26) connected to one of the side gears and a second output shaft (28) connected to the other of the side gears. The differential assembly further includes a first gear train (54) associated with the first output shaft and rotatable therewith, a second gear train (52) assoc...

Pane or foil with controllable transparency and light transmission comprises a layer configuration between two transparent carriers such as glass panes, foils or the like; transparent electrodes are disposed on the carriers; a tansparent electrolyte and an active polymer layer are disposed between the electrodes; the active polymer layer has light absorption in the visible spectrum range characterized by a variation in the case of a reversible chemical doping reaction; preferably an additional t...