Orthodontic converters for converting straight wire archwire tooth receptacles to light wire appliance system treatment and light wire archwire tooth receptacles to straight wire appliance system treatment. The converters have snap clips for selectively and conveniently attaching and detaching the converter to the tooth receptacle. The converter also includes a cut-out to accept an archwire of the chosen system.

In a switching dc-to-dc converter an output current substantially free of pulsations is provided by summing a flyback current and transformed current response to the current used to build up the electromagnetic field that stores the energy for flyback.

A thermionic device for converting nuclear energy into electrical energy comprising a tubular anode spaced from and surrounding a cylindrical cathode, the cathode having an outer emitting surface of ruthenium, and nuclear fuel on the inner cylindrical surface. The nuclear fuel is a ceramic composition of fissionable material in a metal matrix. An axial void is provided to collect and contain fission product gases.

A digital scan converter for use with a mobile (eg airborne) radar or other surveillance apparatus, having ground-stabilized storage allocations and apparatus-stabilized display, provisions for polar to cartesian coordinate transformation and scan to scan integration, and having a random-access store in which each store location is arranged to hold the digital data for a plurality of spots on the display.

A converter for the refinement of liquid metal comprising a generally cylindrical body having closed ends and an opening in the circumference thereof, the body being arranged with its axis horizontal and being rotatable thereabout, a refractory arch with a heating unit movable into one part of the opening in the "normal" position of the body in which the opening is in an upper part thereof, a gas collection system aligned with the other part of the opening in the "normal" position of the body, a...

A blast pipe is formed of a plurality of concentric tubes, the cross-sections of which are designed for the fluid flows required for the refining of a metal bath, which are used initially as a burner. A second tube adjacent an outermost tube, projects beyond the end of the outermost tube, and is provided with a row of orifices in the projecting portion. The end of the second tube is closed by a metal cap soldered to the second tube with a hard solder which melts at a predetermined temperature in...

This invention relates to hydrodynamic torque converters and to torque converter blade systems. A torque converter in accordance with the invention is particularly suitable for transmissions for vehicles where a more or less distinct top speed is required even when direct drive is not used and where it is important to avoid the simultaneous existence of high torque absorption and low efficiency at high speed ratios. The blade system is characterized by a range of ratios for the radii of the outl...

This invention relates to hydrodynamic torque converters and in particular to improvements therein relating to the blade system and to the shape of the toroidal working chamber. For situations wherein a more or less distinct top speed is required, even when direct drive is not used, and where it is important to avoid the simultaneous existence of high torque absorption and low efficiency at high speed ratios, the blade system according to the present invention is advantageous, said system being ...

A preamplifier using charge transfer techniques is formed on the same chip as a charge transfer analog to digital converter. The preamplifier then couples low level output sensors directly to the converter without need for a costly interfacing amplifier.

An improved negative impedance converter is provided comprising an additional differential operational amplifier to improve signal handling capability.