A crystal plating device and method thereof in which a crystal to be plated and thereby set at a desired frequency is placed in an external removable holder or slug for insertion into a chamber of a plating device. The device is connected to a vacuum pump which is activated after the slug is loaded. Spring loaded filament posts carry a filament of precious metal such as gold or silver. The crystal is oscillated at a predetermined frequency prior to the filament being energized to evaporate or at...

A focusing X-ray crystal monochromator in which one or more crystal layers having different spacings of lattice plane are stacked on a crystal base. Due to different spacings of lattice plane, the angle of reflection and diffraction of a diverging incident X-ray beam can be so changed that the beam takes a parallel or focusing direction for monochromatization. Thus, the monochromator of the present invention can be applied to the X-ray lithography for transferring a pattern of high resolution or...

A crystal holder for apparatus for pulling a crystal from a melt in a crucible with a reelable pulling member fastened to the crystal holder has thermal insulation between the fastener for the reelable pulling member and a clamping device for the crystal. The thermal insulation preferably comprises a tie rod between sections of the crystal holder, the tie rod having a cross section sufficiently smaller than the sections for insulation therebetween, an insulating spacer about the tie rod, and rad...

A crystal oscillator for measuring crystal impedance (CI) easily and accurately of various crystal units having an oscillating frequency in a wide band and various CI-values in a broad rage. A DC input voltage is measured, representing CI of a crystal unit, in a crystal oscillator, wherein an integrating circuit is provided in an output section providing a frequency oscillated from the crystal unit as an output, and one or more AGC amplifiers having an amplification rate proportional to a DC inp...

A tuneable crystal oscillator arrangement includes a piezo-electric, e.g. quartz, crystal and drive current means therefor. A reactance is arranged in series with the crystal and is fed with a current corresponding to the crystal drive current. The corresponding voltage developed across the impedance is fed via a variable gain amplifier back to the crystal. The reactance comprises a number of impedances, there being current steering means for dividing the current between the impedances. This det...

A crystal of pantothenate synthetase (PS) has a monoclinic space group P2.sub.1 and unit cell dimensions of a=66.0.+-.0.2 .ANG., b=78.1.+-.0.2 .ANG., c=77.1.+-.0.2 .ANG. and .beta.=103.7.+-.0.2.degree..

A method for forming a crystal comprises applying a crystal growth treatment to a substrate comprising: a non-nucleation surface; and a nucleation surface constituted of an amorphous material with a higher nucleation density than said non-nucleation surface, having a sufficiently small area so as to form only a single nucleus from which a single crystal is grown, and having regular anisotropy. Also a crystal article is formed by said method for forming a crystal.

A crystal oscillator in which IC control terminal electrodes for writing temperature compensation data in an IC chip are formed on side surfaces of a main body while being distanced from the top and bottom surfaces of the main body. The IC control terminal electrodes will not be short-circuited with a conductive pattern for sealing the crystal oscillating element on the top surface, and the IC chip will not be destroyed by a welding current which flows when a metal cover is mounted on the top su...

The invention is a crystal oscillator having a vibrating plate comprising a vibrating part surrounded by a rim part spaced from the vibrating part except for a narrow connecting part that connects the vibrating part to the rim part in a cantilever fashion. The thickness of the vibrating part and the connecting part are less than the thickness of the rim part. The vibrating part is sandwiched between a pair of casings. Each of the casings has a recess facing the vibrating part, which prevent the ...

Disclosed is a dichroic crystal including at least one member selected from the group consisting of phtharocyanine, a phtharocyanine derivative, phtharocyanine with a central metal introduced therein, a phtharocyanine derivative with a central metal introduced therein, and iodine. It is precipitated when the iodine is added to a solution containing the member, and it includes the iodine in a form of I.sub.3.sup.- and I.sub.5.sup.- ions. It not only has a high dichroic property but also superb he...