A detecting apparatus for detecting information of a liquid object or sample includes a transmission path, a THz wave supplying unit, a THz wave detecting unit, and an infiltrative holding member for infiltration and holding of a liquid object. The supplying unit supplies an electromagnetic wave in a frequency range between 30 GHz and 30 THz to the transmission path. The detecting unit detects the THz wave transmitted through the transmission path. The infiltrative holding member is set at a loc...

Apparatus 30 for detecting the presence of more than a negligible concentration of dust or other particles in a moving stream of air or other gas (31), comprising first (1) and second (2) electrically conductive members spaced apart in a first region (A') of the stream (31), means (32) for providing thereto electrical potentials sufficiently different to provide a potential gradient of at least about 30 kilovolts per centimeter in a limited region adjacent to the surface of one of the conductive...

A flexible rod-and sleeve assembly with rod and surrounding sleeve affixed to each other at their bottom ends is maintained by a spring to put the sleeve in tension. The assembly is inserted into a cavity such as a monitoring well so as to extend below the lowest level which the water table may assume. The sleeve is made of a material which is attacked by petroleum products but not by water, and when a layer of petroleum liquid such as gasoline collects on the surface of the water in contact wit...

A method and apparatus for detecting digital codewords or predetermined portions of digital codewords in a stream of codewords is described. The apparatus comprises a shift register (21) having a length at least one bit greater than the length of the longest codeword or predetermined codeword portion to be detected; and means including an inverter (24) for loading the shift register (21) with the logical complement of the leading bit of the stream of codewords. A clock (25) is provided to cause ...

A detecting circuit comprises a synchronous detecting circuit (11, 12, 15 to 19, 22 and 27 to 29) and a switching transistor (35). The collector and the emitter of the transistor (35) are connected to junctions (A) and (B), respectively, of the synchronous detecting circuit. The input portion (11) of the synchronous detecting circuit is connected to receive a signal to be detected and the input portion (12) of the same is connected to receive a carrier wave. The base of the transistor (35) is co...

The leak detector comprises an annular chamber 11 which leads to a circumferential orifice 14 which in turn leads to an annular duct 21 which is symmetrical about the axis of the detector. Barrier gas is fed to the annular chamber 11, for example from an annular chamber 18 and emerges from the opening 20 to form a substantially laminar flow. Leaks are detected by means of a signal gas within an enclosure at a pressure slightly in excess of ambient, and the signal gas is detected from leaks via a...

A leak detector has a gas probe 1 for sensing signal gas escaping from an enclosure containing that gas at a pressure slightly in excess of ambient surrounded by a curtain of barrier gas. The reading of a gas analyzer such as a mass spectrometer depends on the height of the probe from the surface. A height sensor is attached to the leak detector and a programmable amplifier 6 contains information on the characteristic curve of the gas sensor. An output signal from the programmable amplifier comp...

A leak detector comprises a detector head which is to be scanned across a surface to detect a signal gas eminating from the surface. The opposite side of the surface from the head is supplied with a signal gas under pressure so that signal gas passes through leaks in the surface. Detection of signal gas by the head should then constitute detection of a leak. A curtain 1 of barrier gas is provided around a sample inlet 2 to protect the inlet from spurious signal gas. Orifices 36 provide narrow hi...

A pit detection apparatus (10) and method for detecting the presence of pits or pit fragments (12) in fruit (14) as the fruit (14) passes through a zone of inspection (16) includes a scanning beam generator (17) for sweeping a transmission scanning beam (28) across the inspection zone (16). The inspection zone (16) is located intermediate the beam generator (17) and an array (38) of transmission sensors (40). The sensors (40) generate transmission sensor signals indicative of received light inte...

The present invention relates to devices and methods for detecting cellular products, and in particular for measuring secreted cellular products, including cytokines. Microwells comprising hydrophobic membranes are described having greater capability to detect cytokines from individual cells in a mixture of heterogeneous cells. A method is provided that can serve as a) a functional predictor of allograft survival in transplant recipients, and b) a tool for monitoring the level of immunosuppressi...