In a continuous liquid carbonation process, a pump draws liquid from a line and pumps it back in again. Periodically, the connections of the pump to the line are shut-off, trapping a sample of carbonated liquid in the pump, which agitates same, causing CO.sub.2 to evolve into a vapor space. Such agitation eventually causes the sample to become an equilibrium mixture of free CO.sub.2 and liquid solution of CO.sub.2. Pressure and temperature measurements on the equilibrium mixture allow calculatio...

A calibrated noise generator is coupled through a circulator to an oscillator circuit which contains the active negative resistance device having innate noise characterized by M.sub.o. The oscillator is coupled through the circulator to an FM receiver whose output is directed to a frequency bandpass filter. The frequency bandpass filter is coupled to a power measuring meter. A measurement of the output power of the oscillator waveform after it is processed through the FM receiver and frequency b...

The thickness of sea ice is measured using a radar technique with radio frequency energy having frequency in the range between a frequency below 2000 MHZ and a frequency above 4000 MHZ. The penetration of radio frequency energy transmitted from above the ice and reflected by the ice or the water below it depends on the frequency of the energy. The frequency may be swept over the above range and the travel time of reflected energy recorded to obtain a measure of the salt concentration in ice.

In order for an object in space to locate itself, a beam of electromagnetic radiation is transmitted at it, each cross-sectional element of which beam is modulated by a slotted disc rotating on its axis and at the same time about the axis of the beam. The object receiving one of the elements can thus locate itself relative to the beam axis.

A method and reagent for the determination of inorganic phosphate in biological fluids by reducing molybdiphosphate with a reducing agent, o-phenylenediamine dihydrochloride, in the presence of a catalyst, dimethylformamide; a preservative, thiourea; a nonionic surfactant stabilizer, and a polyvinylpyrrolidone clarifier, wherein significantly less acidity than heretofore is required.

A reagent and method for the fast (under 5 minutes) determination of glucose in biological fluids by the peroxidase catalyzed oxidation of sulfonated phenyl amines or sulfonated benzidines by hydrogen peroxide formed from the action of glucose oxidase on glucose.

A colorimetric reagent and method for the determination of blood urea. The method involves the addition of a small amount of serum to a reagent containing p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde in acidic dimethylformamide and immediately measuring the increase in absorbance at 450 nm. The increase in absorbance is directly proportional to the urea concentration. The response is sensitive, requires no heating, and is linear up to 125 mg percent of urea nitrogen.

The concentration of vanilmandelic acid in urine is determined by contacting a measured urine sample with an anion exchange resin to adsorb contained vanilmandelic acid, washing residual urine from the resin, desorbing vanilmandelic acid from the resin, diazotizing the desorbed vanilmandelic acid, extracting the diazotized vanilmandelic acid from the diazotization reaction mixture with cyclohexanone, determining the absorbance of about 590 .mu. light by the extract and determining vanilmandelic ...

A coordinate digitizer wherein a field generating device is positioned in proximity to the surface at a location to be digitized. Further means are provided for triggering the production of a magnetic field by the field generating device, the magnetic field transducing a propagating vibrational mode into the transmission media. Pick-up means are coupled to the transmission media and respond to the propagating vibrational mode for providing a signal to a utilizational device which will respond to...

A reagent and method for the determination of total serum bilirubin by coupling of bilirubin with a stable diazonium salt, Fast Red PDC or diazotate-N'-butyl-4-methoxy-metanilamide, at an acid pH is disclosed.