An overload relay is provided which monitors current flow in a circuit and triggers an electromagnetic interrupter to open the circuit upon detection of an overcurrent condition. A train of pulses is generated and received by the electromagnetic interrupter for maintaining the circuit closed. The pulse train is terminated upon detection of an overcurrent condition.

Varactor and reference oscillator structures are provided that are particularly suited for integrated circuit fabrication and which provide excellent parameter performance (e.g., monotonicity, linearity, low phase noise and low differential and integral non-linearity) so that they are useful in a variety of wireless communication structures (e.g., cellular telephones).

A digitally-controlled oscillator comprises an input for the supply of a digital input word, an adder, a stable local oscillator and a delay circuit, comprising a delay stage with a number of serially-connected coarse delay elements and a fine delay stage with a number of serially-connected fine delay elements. The coarse delay stage and the fine delay stage are embodied such that the maximum total delay and the minimum total delay differ by at most one period of the cycle signal. The delay prod...

An MPEG2 encoded signal comprising intra-encoded pictures I and inter-encoded pictures B is decoded (70-74) to baseband and re-encoded (76) to I-pictures. The quantisation levels Q.sub.v and the motion vectors M.sub.v of the B pictures are retained unchanged and maintained in association with the corresponding pictures re-encoded as I-pictures. The I-pictures can be decoded to baseband, processed, and re-encoded as I-pictures without degradation. The I-pictures can then be re-encoded back to e.g...

A digitally controlled tuner circuit for continuous time filters. The digital PLL-based tuner circuit has a digitally controlled oscillator and an open-loop filter. The oscillator has digitally adjusted resistors to allow for digital fine tuning of its time constant and its output frequency. A lock detector detecting the output of the open-loop filter is also part of the tuner circuit.

A forward link transmitter in a sectored cell includes a baseband processor having traditional baseband signal digital processing circuitry in addition to including a digital hybrid matrix (vector and delay compensated transformation module) whose phase and amplitude (vector) and delay may be adjusted to compensate for downstream errors that are introduced and detected by a feedback circuit. Accordingly, the baseband processor, by monitoring an output of an analog hybrid matrix producing modulat...

The invention relates to a device for digitally generating images on photosensitive material comprising a light source, a liquid crystal display (LCD) unit and imaging optics. According to the invention, the LCD unit and the imaging optics are mounted in the same lens tube.

A digitally controlled power system for controlling one or more power supplies having an output voltage including an analog to digital converter for sensing a difference between a reference voltage and the output voltage. Also included is a digitally controlled processor to provide a pair of control pulses to control the power supplies and a control memory to provide a program of instructions to said processor such that the processor provides a programmed change in the pulse width of the control...

An operational amplifier for generating an output analog signal at an output node representative of an analog signal fed to the non-inverting input of the operational amplifier. A controllable switch connects the output of the operational amplifier to the output node, and the signal at the output node is fed back to the inverting input of the operational amplifier. The controllable switch is responsive to a digital logic control signal for completing the circuit path between the operational ampl...

A digital watermark is embedded through varying pit locations on a data side of a CD, SACD or DVD. In one embodiment, a pattern of pits or data indentations forms a visual design on the data side. A watermark is embedded by slightly varying various pit locations within the visual design. In another embodiment, the varied pit locations are imperceptible or nearly imperceptible to human observation. The digital watermark is used as a counterfeit deterrent and as an identifier. Once extracted, the ...