A digitally controlled oscillator (DCO) includes a binary full adder having a first set of inputs coupled to input lines, a second set of inputs, a set of summation outputs and a carry output. A latch is provided having a set of latch inputs each coupled to one of the outputs of the binary full adder, a clock input and a set of latched outputs each coupled to one of the second set of inputs of the binary full adder wherein the binary full adder sums the bits of a latched period command signal wh...

A method and apparatus for performing printing on a substrate on the basis of data representing a pattern composed of a plurality of parallel rows of discrete image elements. In a known manner, successive strips of image elements are formed on the substrate, each strip being constituted by a given number of the parallel rows which extend in a first direction on the substrate and the successive strips being spaced apart at intervals in a second direction on the substrate perpendicular to the firs...

A QPSK modulated wave is inputted to an in-phase detector and an orthogonal detector. The detected components are converted to substantially a base band, and each component is digital-converted by A/D converters. Each digital component is spectrum-shaped by digital LPFs. The outputs of digital LPFs are inputted to a complex multiplier and calculated by use of first and second reproduction carriers and expressed as first and second calculation outputs, and inputted to a phase detector. The phase ...

When processing an image it is often necessary to combine parts of its matrix mathematically, e.g. to multiply a part of this matrix with a given weighting function. In this context scalar products of vectors are important operations. The invention provides a coding procedure wherein two of the elements of two vectors are transformed to one encoded element, respectively, and are then stored. This has the result that the calculation of the scalar product requires two encoding operations of the el...

Effective control of impedance values in integrated circuit applications is achieved with an integrated circuit transistor whose size is digitally controlled. The digitally controlled size is achieved, for example, with a parallel interconnection of MOS transistors. In one application, the digitally controlled transitor serves as a controlled impedance connected to an output terminal of an integrated circuit. In that application, a number of transistors are enabled with control signals, and the ...

A tunable laser formed on a semiconductive wafer comprising a plurality of monolithically integrated optical amplifiers and a planar optical multiplexer is disclosed. According to the invention, one of the optical amplifiers is activated by energy, which amplifier produces a signal. The signal is carried along a waveguide associated with the optical amplifier and enters a reflective Dragone router, which is the preferred optical multiplexer. The reflective Dragone router functions, in conjunctio...

The present invention provides a luminaire system capable of generating light of a desired chromaticity and luminous flux output during continuous operation with varying ambient operating temperature. The luminaire system can be further capable of maintaining a desired correlated colour temperature during dimming of the luminaire. The luminaire system comprises one or more arrays of light-emitting elements for generating light with a current driver system coupled thereto for selectively supplyin...

In one embodiment, the present invention includes an transmitter apparatus having a digital filter to compensate in a baseband frequency for magnitude and delay slopes occurring in the transmitter's analog path.

A tunable oscillator suitable for use in a frequency synthesizer of a transceiver is controlled by varying one or more parameters associated with the oscillator. In particular, a digital control signal affects one or more of the capacitances of the oscillator, the bias voltage of the oscillator, the supply voltage, or the bias current of the oscillator. Changes to one or more of these parameters allows the frequency of the oscillator to be controlled as desired.

Methods and apparatus, including computer program products, implement techniques for repurposing digital information. One or more repurposing constraints are associated with information in an electronic document. A digital signature is associated with the repurposable information and the repurposing constraints. The repurposable information can be repurposed and represented as signed information subject to the repurposing constraints.