A thermistor element has a pair of electrodes formed in ohmic contact with and mutually opposite to each other on one of the surfaces of a thermistor body. These electrodes each have a thin-film contact layer and an external electrode layer which is formed either directly or indirectly over the contact layer and only on the surface on which these electrodes are formed opposite each other and is of a metallic material such as Au, Ag, Pd, Pt, Sn and their alloys.

Apparatus is disclosed for refining lignocellulosic material including a pair of refining elements facing each other for relative rotation to refine the lignocellulosic material passing through the refining gap between the refining elements. The refining elements include rows of projecting working pins with substantially circular cross-sections and strips projecting above the refining element surface and extending substantially circumferentially along the refining surfaces. The rows of projectin...

A shaped element consists of a soft and preferably elastic foamed material, comprising cellular webs which have been deformed remanently at least over areas. The shaped element is formed from a foamed material granulate, a soft foamed material having a grain size of 2 to 20 mms and filler material, for example cork granulate, rubber granulate, chalk, calcium carbonate, hard polyurethane scraps or thermoplastic plastics material scraps, with a grain size of 2 to 20 mms, which are distributed in t...

To make a reinforced concrete bridge or culvert 10, flat reinforced concrete plates 14A, 14B serving as longitudinally extending side plates and concrete folded plates 18A, 18B serving as shell-like cross members extending from side plate to side plate are formed and carried to the site. Two substantially flat side plates are mounted on drilled piers, driven piles, or other deep foundation structures at their bottom end and extend substantially vertically upward. The cross members are high momen...

Radiation sensitive thermally developable imaging elements comprise: (a) photosensitive silver halide, (b) light insensitive silver salt oxidizing agent, (c) reducing agent for silver ions, and (d) an antifoggant or speed enhancing compound comprising iodophthalazinone compounds. The antifoggants are effective in reducing spurious background image densities.

A packing element for enhancing contact between a fluid having a predominant direction of flow and a second fluid, including: a plurality of layers, each layer having a generally flat portion disposed generally in a plane aligned with the direction of flow and having a plurality of fluid deflection surfaces that project from the plane, the deflection surfaces being oriented obliquely to the direction of flow in a manner selected to impart to different portions of liquid flowing on one side of th...

Radiation sensitive thermally developable imaging elements comprise: a) photosensitive silver halide, b) light insensitive silver salt oxidizing agent, c) reducing agent for silver ions, and d) an antifoggant or speed enhancing compound comprising hydrobromic acid salts of nitrogen-containing heterocyclic ring compounds which are further associated with a pair of bromine atoms. The antifoggants are effective in reducing spurious background image densities.

A wall or window element and/or wall element beneath the window is provided having an insulation layer disposed between two panels. The insulation layer is formed of a material which reduces convective heat transfer and thermal radiation. The insulation layer and the panels are permeable by the solar radiation spectrum, and the external panel which bounds the insulation layer on the side of the solar radiation is an absorptive pane which has a maximally high absorptivity for the non-visible port...

Panel elements are provided comprising several interconnecting panel elements of the same type. The panel elements comprise a groove formed by an upper groove cheek and a lower groove cheek and a tongue. The tongue comprises a rib oriented in a longitudinal direction of the tongue, and the groove comprises a retaining channel for receiving the rib of an adjoining panel element. The tongue cooperates with the groove of an adjoining same-type panel element such that the two panel elements, when ma...

The invention relates mainly to an element suitable for being ingested, the element including at least one air-passing channel making it possible to avoid choking in the event of being swallowed the wrong way. The present invention applies to the food industry and also to the pharmaceuticals industry.