According to the present invention there is provided a sensitive quantitative assay for the determination of a hapten "X" which comprises: preparing a conjugate of the hapten X which conjugate is adapted to ellicit antibody formation, and injecting a mammal with said conjugate, resulting in a specific antibody against the said hapten, "anti-X"; preparing a conjugate of the hapten X and of another entity Y, which is either another hapten or a larger molecule, injecting a mammal with the entity Y ...

A camera having a displaceable lens includes a lens position sensor and a converter for converting the sensor output into a representation of the in-focus distance associated with that lens position. The in-focus distance of the lens is then compared to the distance of the subject as determined by a rangefinder (e.g., an ultrasonic rangefinder). A visual indication is provided in the viewfinder prompting the user to manually change the position of the lens in a direction that improves the focus ...

A closure has a plurality of generally U-shaped stacking lugs. A package utilizing the closure has a bottom rim with a conformation which effectively mates with the stacking lugs to provide a stackable package.

Electrochemical cells including secondary batteries and fuel cells are provided employing polyanilines having improved reversibility, stability and electrochemical properties. In accordance with a preferred embodiment polyaniline is employed as a cathode active polymer in a secondary battery at a pH between about 1 and 11. In accordance with nother embodiments, fuel cells employing polyaniline are provided as are batteries wherein polyanilines are used as anodes.

In a demodulator, a local oscillator 7 feeds a local oscillation signal having a frequency of f/n to a phase shifter 8. In the phase shifter 8, all-pass filters 9 and 10 produce two oscillation signals separated in phase by 90/n degrees from each other, which are then fed individually to n-times frequency multiplier 11 and 12. The n-times frequency multipliers 11 and 12 multiply the frequency of those oscillation signals by a factor of n and thereby produce two carriers having a frequency of f a...

A method and apparatus (10) for fracturing a mass of material (100) using resonant frequencies by initially determining the resonant frequency of the mass of material, using an energy generating unit (12) to impart the determined resonant frequency to the mass of material, monitoring any changes in the resonant frequency caused by fracturing and adjusting the energy generating unit (12) so that it will vary the frequency produced to the new resonant frequency.

A process for separating and recovering minerals, such as molybdenum or coal, from ores with which they occur by addition of a dimercaptothiadiazole to an ore flotation process.

A measuring apparatus for measuring a physical property of a substance using radiation has a source of radiation for irradiating the substance, a radiation detector which is disposed on the opposite side of the substance from the radiation source, a mask for allowing radiaton to enter the radiation detector only along n prescribed pathways, and a signal processing and calculating device for calculating the physical property of the substance based on the radiation which is incident upon the radia...

An electroerosion process and apparatus are used to produce crude electrodes which are shaped thereafter into finished form by wire cutting erosion. The finished electrodes are used in subsequent countersinking of workpieces by electroerosion.

A video card using VRAMs for a computer which includes a CPU and main memory. The VRAM addresses are generated in a manner making it unnecessary to have an integer number of scan lines per memory row. A counter keeps track of the shift register position in the VRAMs and a new row address is generated in hardware independent of the scan line. A look-ahead feature detects the approaching end of the shift register data and initiates a timing sequence to reload the shift register.