Powder coating formulations include as a component thereof a silane formula I: ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is a hydrocarbon, acyl, alkylsilyl or alkoxysilyl group; R.sup.2 is a monovalent hydrocarbon group; R.sup.3 is alkylene, optionally interrupted with one or more ether oxygen atoms; a is 0 or 1; Z is a direct bond or a divalent organic linking group; X is an m-valent organic group or H; and m is 1-20. The silanes are useful as crosslinkers, property modifiers and/or adhesion promoters. Powder adh...

A system for employing the Coriolis effect for the generation and/or storage of energy generally comprises a vortex chamber for rotational acceleration therein of superheated, supersaturated water vapor and heated air and a water intake assembly and an adjustable air intake assembly each in fluid communication with the vortex chamber. The water intake assembly is adapted to deliver a directed flow of superheated water vapor to a lower portion of the vortex chamber while the air intake assembly i...

Methods and pharmaceutical compositions for using desmethylselegiline. In particular, the present invention provides novel compositions and methods for using desmethylselegiline for selegiline-responsive diseases and conditions. Diseases and conditions responsive to selegiline include those produced by neuronal degeneration or neuronal trauma and those due to immune system dysfunction. Desmethylselegiline is the R-(-) enantiomer of N-methyl-N-(prop-2-ynyl)-2-aminophenylpropane. Claimed compositi...

A transmitter includes a repetition encoder generating repetition code sequence having a word length of r bits by carrying out a repetition coding with respect to 1 bit of a transmission unit which divides transmission information by a predetermined word length, where a rate of the repetition coding is set equal to a reciprocal of a predetermined integer r. A tree encoder generates a tree code sequence by carrying out a tree coding with respect to the other bits of the transmission unit, where a...

An ultrasonometer having opposed ultrasonic transducers with bladders containing a coupling fluid, controls the geometry of the bladder so as to provide immobilization of the patient as well as coupling of the ultrasound to the patient member. The coupling fluid may be hermetically enclosed in sealed chambers slideable toward the patient member or may be fixed in position and use a collar distending the membrane outward by compressing other portions of the membrane inward. A rolling diaphragm-ty...

A periodic structure is disclosed that includes an array of point defects within the periodic structure. The array includes point defects in a least two dimensions of the periodic structure. Each point defect permits electromagnetic fields of a first wavelength that is otherwise within a band gap range of the periodic structure to exist in each of the point defects.

A refrigerator having a main body, and a compressor and an evaporator in the main body, comprises a heat pipe forming a closed loop so as to allow the refrigerant to be circulated therein; a first heat exchanger provided in the heat pipe, absorbing heat generated from the compressor; a second heat exchanger provided in an upper part between the heat pipe and the first heat exchanger adjacent to the evaporator, discharging heat into the evaporator; and a control valve positioned between the first...

In order to form three or more steps on a substrate with high precision, a first mask is formed to an area on the substrate corresponding with every other step, and also etching is performed on the area of the substrate to which the first mask is not formed, a second mask is formed to an area on the substrate to which the first mask has not been formed, and also etching is performed on the area on the substrate to which the first and the second masks are not formed.

An optical sensing enhancing material (and corresponding method of making) comprising: a medium, the medium comprising a plurality of aggregated nanoparticles comprising fractals; and a microcavity, wherein the medium is located in a vicinity of the microcavity. Also an optical sensor and sensing method comprising: providing a doped medium, the medium comprising a plurality of aggregated nanoparticles comprising fractals, with the material; locating the doped medium in the vicinity of a microcav...

A reflection photomask includes a substrate and first and second reflection circuit patterns on the substrate so that light reflected from the first reflection circuit pattern has a different phase from light reflected from the second reflection circuit pattern. Interference between the reflected light bundles produces dark, i.e., non-illuminated, regions. An exposure apparatus includes a light source, a Koehler illumination optical system for irradiating a reflection photomask including a circu...