A method and apparatus for automatically following and monitoring systolic and diastolic blood pressure in an animal organism is disclosed. The pressure of an occluding cuff on the organism is controlled by decisional logic to increase or decrease in fixed increments the pressure in the cuff. The decision to increase or decrease depends upon the existence and amplitude of the Korotkoff sounds detected during a sample period which may comprise a preset number of heartbeats. The Korotkoff signals ...

An echo cancellation apparatus (20) and method involves an operation AEPR for analyzing echo path response and thereafter an operation CR for configuring an adaptive FIR filter (52). The configuration of the adaptive filter (52) advantageously results in only a range of filter taps and coefficients between two specified tap endpoints being involved in filter multiplication, addition, and storage during the echo cancellation operation.

A sensor is provided for detecting traveling speed of a vehicle, and a first deviation between the traveling speed and an estimated vehicle speed calculated beforehand is calculated. Based on the first deviation and a predetermined function, a feedback compensation output is calculated, and a second deviation between a value obtained by performing on the feedback compensation output and the aforesaid estimate vehicle speed is output as an estimated acceleration. Delay processing is performed on ...

Method and apparatus for prediction or estimation of fuel or energy consumption by a vehicle over a chosen trip route, where the route includes a plurality of road segments. Fuel consumption over each road segment is estimated, using information on one or more of the following variables: representative altitude of the road segment; representative slope of the road segment; estimated vehicle average speed along the road segment; length of the road segment; condition of the road segment; condition...

A method for channel response estimation over a fast fading channel and signal estimation using a coded pilot is disclosed. A coded orthogonal frequency division modulated (OFDM) signal is generated including a main signal portion and a coded pilot signal portion. The coded OFDM signal is transmitted over a fading channel to a receiving unit wherein the received portion of the main signal is detected and an estimation is made of the frequency response of the fading channel using the coded pilot ...

In a receiver of a digital radio communication system, a combined channel estimate is formed by averaging a long channel estimate with a short channel estimate.

A method and apparatus for motion estimation in accordance with the present invention compares image signals of image blocks within a previous frame corresponding to a motion vector detected among error values used for detecting the motion vector of a pixel unit and surrounding image blocks which are generated by moving the reference image block to every direction per one pixel respectively with the image signal of image blocks within a present frame which the motion estimation is performed, and...

A spatial-temporal doppler velocity estimation method expands the detectable frequency range by extending the frequency boundary at which aliasing artifacts may occur. In various embodiments the detectable frequency range is extended beyond the Nyquist limit. To do so, multiple velocity estimation functions are defined. One function is the conventional function typically bound by the Nyquist limit. For additional functions, the (n-1)-th echo is spatially shifted with respect to the n-th echo, (i...

A motion vector is calculated on the basis of a current block having current block data and a search window having search window data. The search window includes integer pel blocks and half-pel blocks each deviated by half-pel pitch from each of the integer pel blocks. The search window data are repeatedly transferred between and held by the shift registers. The search window data held by the shift registers and the current block data outputted from current block data outputting means are suppli...

Digital distance relaying of a three-phase electric power transmission line depends on accurate estimation of the postfault voltage and current phasors during the first postfault electrical cycle, when the line voltages and currents are corrupted by noise and transients. The digital relay herein responds to each postfault sample as it arrives and recursively electronically estimates the postfault phasors before the next sample arrives. The method involves a powerful state variable approach which...