An illumination apparatus for illuminating a surface, having formed thereon a pattern, to transfer the pattern onto a semiconductor wafer. The apparatus includes an elliptic mirror for forming an image of a light source, an imaging system for re-imaging the image of the light source, formed by the elliptical mirror, while causing a curvature of field, a multi-beam generating system disposed relative to the imaging system so that the optimum focus located at the off-axis position of the imaging s...

An illumination device is provided which comprises a light source, a first light-deflecting means for converting the rays emitted from the light source into parallel rays and a second light-deflecting means for directing the parallel rays to an object to be illuminated.

A system for illuminating a tiny target of fusion fuel with energy from a laser source to achieve uniform surface heat leading to fusion including a laser light source with a beam splitter to provide two laser beams directed to a common target point and a pair of identical ellipsoidal mirrors facing each other concavely and positioned to have a common reflective focal point, the mirrors each being coaxially and centrally apertured to pass respective laser beams to the other and opposed mirrors o...

An illumination apparatus for illuminating, with a light beam of arcuate cross-section, a mask having an integrated-circuit pattern to transfer the integrated-circuit pattern onto a semiconductor wafer includes an illumination optical system having a light source, a plurality of cylindircal lenses and a collimator lens to illuminate, in the Kohler illumination manner, a rectangular region on a predetermined plane, a restricting member disposed in the predetermined plane to restrict the light bea...

An instrument casing, particularly for aircraft, is provided with a removable unit carrying a printed circuit element carrier having one or more light bulbs adjacent its end and insertable through a suitably shaped slot in the casing element. The printed circuit carrier is guided in such radial movement and provided with stop means to position the same.

A device for holding and illuminating the bundled end of a plurality of optical fibers wherein a hollow body is provided with: a plurality of ribs at one end for securing the bundled optical fibre ends; a light bulb at the other end; a reflective inner surface surrounding the light bulb and concentrating its rays onto the fiber bundled end; a heat reflecting and light transmitting disc between the bulb and bundled end to deflect heat but transmit the concentrated light rays; and vent openings in...

The illumination set has several lamp sockets, which are arranged as a string by an electrical cable (104). Each lamp socket has a housing (121), which is composed of a sleeve (128) and two oppositely positioned inner parts (126, 127) carrying contact members (124, 125) connected to the cable (104). The inner parts (126, 127) at the same time constitute a bottom part (132), consist of a thermoplastic synthetic material and are interconnected by a pivot (133), which is integral therewith. The lam...

An illumination device includes a light source; a secondary light source forming system for forming predetermined secondary light sources by use of light from the light source, the secondary light source forming system including a plurality of lens array units disposed in the direction of an optical axis and each having a plurality of lens elements distributed in a plane perpendicular to the optical axis; an optical system for directing light from the secondary light sources to a surface to be i...

An illumination system having four lamps arranged orthogonally around a subject to be illuminated with each lamp positioned outside the corresponding adjacent edge of the subject. A bireflector having cylindrical and/or ellipsoidal surfaces is associated with each of the lamps for directing light rays to the subject from the adjacent edge thereof to the edge opposite thereto.

An apparatus for illumination generating artificial light which resembles natural light as much as possible comprises a light source radiating substantially in the blue-green region, such as a fluorescent lamp (16a,b,c,d) and at least one incandescent lamp (18). Prior to exiting from a housing (12) of the illumination equipment the light of the light source radiating blue-green is reflected at least once from a white wall (14). This applies also, in part at least, to the light of the incandescen...