A camera for taking true three-dimensional photographs in which the camera includes a housing having a lenticulated screen for focusing the image of an object on a plurality of locations on a photographic film. The screen and film are mounted in fixed positions at one end of the housing and light rays from an object to be photographed enter an opening in the housing near the opposite end thereof. A beamsplitter divides the incoming light rays and directs a portion of the light rays onto a mirror...

An apparatus for indicating the amplitude of an alternating voltage signal including first and second cyclically operating signal integrators which periodically integrate the alternating voltage signal and a reference D.C. signal related to the nominal or desired amplitude of the alternating voltage signal. The integrators operate in synchronism with the alternating voltage signal. The two integrated signals are periodically compared for amplitude and polarity differences. There is also provided...

A continuous flow heater has an elastic, flexible or rigid pipe (10) which is movably mounted and a heat source (6). When a liquid flowing through the pipe is heated in the pipe interior (1), undesired scale tends to be deposited on the interior of the pipe walls. To prevent or remove this deposit, the pipe (10) is moved and/or deformed by an internal overpressure or by application of external forces, causing the deposits to be detached from the pipe inner walls and carried away by the fluid flo...

A system for instantaneously providing a predetermined phase shift in a sinusoidal signal, the attenuation of which is substantially constant with changes in the frequency of the applied signal. First, phase displacement between two developed signals is accomplished by supplying an input signal both to: a differentiating network and an integrating network. Next, the phase displaced signals are multiplied to cancel the variations in attenuation providing a signal that is substantially invariable ...

An instantaneous water heater comprises a sealed enclosed tank having a top portion, a bottom portion, a first end, and a second end, and an inlet, a baffle tube, and a baffle segregating said tank into a baffle chamber and a main heating and storage chamber. The baffle chamber receives unheated water from said baffle tube. The baffle has baffle openings between said baffle chamber and said main heating and storage chamber providing for intermixing of water therebetween. The tank has a plurality...

An improved instantaneous floating point amplifier is provided having a plurality of cascaded amplifier stages, wherein the gain of a given stage of the amplifier is the square of the gain of the immediately succeeding stage of the amplifier. The number of amplifier stages which are required to implement the amplifier is minimized, and the control logic which is required to decide if a given stage is needed to amplify the input signal to a level within preselected limits is simplified. The ampli...

A cantilevered instantaneous heating brewer for brewing beverages, such as coffee, wherein the heat transfer structure includes a heavy heat transfer mass. Cold water is supplied to the heat transfer mass to have heat transfer association therewith and thereby be heated to the desired brewing temperature. The mass is disposed in overlying relationship to a rear upright portion of the brewer housing so as to provide a stable arrangement of the brewer as against undesirable forward tipping. To fur...

The exposure of film which changes its transmissivity as a function of the quantum of light to which it is subjected is controlled by sensing the intensity of the light transmitted through the film. From the sensed light the change in the light transmissivity of the film is determined and when that change has reached the desired level the exposure of the film is terminated. The exposure is instantaneously controlled and terminated only after the desired exposure level has been reached irrespecti...

A miniature electric fluid immersion heater adapted for instantaneously heating relatively small bodies or flow increments of fluid to a predetermined temperature. The heater is particularly adaptable to be mounted immediately in advance of a hot water faucet in a home or building so as to provide a continuous flow of instantaneously heated water and thereby eliminate the standard hot water heater and the entire hot water piping system in the building. The heater comprises a small, cylindrical, ...

An improved instantaneous frequency measurement system which can measure se signals of differing frequencies emitted simultaneously by a single source. A conventional instantaneous frequency measurement detector is preceded by a gating device and a dispersive delay line which cooperate to transform the simultaneous signals into time sequential signals.