The present invention provides a containment integrity system for application in a vessel carrying bulk materials such as liquid petroleum products. The containment integrity system comprises a flexible liner having an inner composite fabric portion and an outer fiber-reinforced rubber skin portion, a fastening system for rigidly securing the flexible liner to the walls of the vessel, an anchoring system for releasably securing and conforming the flexible liner to and about all coverable feature...

A perishable good integrity indicator includes a first oscillator for outputting a first clock signal which does not substantially vary in response to temperature. A second oscillator outputs a second clock temperature which varies as a function of temperature. A counter counts the pulses of the second clock signal during a time period determined by the first clock and outputs a count value. A data table receives the count value, translates the count value into a time temperature value represent...

An apparatus which can non-intrusively verify the integrity of shielding on electrical wiring. The method utilizes the natural resonance of the voltage transfer function of the shielded wire. The frequency of this resonance is an indication of the self inductance of the cable. A change in the resonant frequency indicates a change in the self inductance caused by a failure in the shield circuit.

A new method and apparatus is described for conducting an integrity test on porous membranes and membrane filters and for conducting a pore-size characterization of membrane. The method and apparatus apply to membrane integrity tests and pore-size characterizations which are based on the dependence on the pore size of the pressure required to intrude a non-wetting, electrically conductive liquid into and through the pores. Electrical-measurement methods are described for identifying the pressure...

In a duplex printing integrity system for insuring that correctly matching pages are being printed by a duplex printer on the opposing first and second sides of the sheets, the duplex printer having a duplex loop path circulating sheets printed on one side back to be printed on their opposite side and an output path for feeding out the duplex sheets after they have been printed on both sides; the printer is operable to selectively print a few small, simple solid marks spaced along the sheets, sp...

An improvement in an End-of-Train (EOT) monitor system allows the continuity of the brake pipe of a train to be verified. Obstructions in the brake-pipe, such as, for example, closed angle cocks, kinks, blockages, or breaks, adversely affect brake safety. A pressure sensor is installed in the Locomotive Cab Unit (LCU) to sense brake application. If the brake pipe is intact, a brake application initiated from the locomotive should correspondingly result in a drop in pressure at the EOT unit. The ...

An apparatus and method for determining the hybrid integrity limit of a system which receives inputs from a Global Positioning System Receiver indicative of measurement information, autonomous position information and autonomous integrity limit information and receives inputs from an independent source means indicative of motion by determining the hybrid position from the measurement information and the motion inputs and then adding the difference between the autonomous position and the hybrid p...

A test environment includes a test packet generator, a system under test, and a test device. The test packet generator generates test packets each containing a check value (e.g., a cyclic redundancy check value). The system under test performs a known transform of at least a portion of each test packet, and generates a new check value based on the transformed packet. The test device receives the transformed packets from the system under test. The test device performs an error check based on the ...

An exemplary implementation of the invention is a process for forming passivation protection on a semiconductor assembly by the steps of: forming a layer of oxide over patterned metal lines having sidewalls; forming a first passivation layer of silicon nitride over the layer of oxide such that the first passivation layer of silicon nitride resides along the sidewalls of metal lines and pinches off a gap between the metal lines; performing a facet etch to remove material from the edges of the fir...

A method and apparatus are provided for predicting the position error bound in a satellite positioning system at a future time. The future position of each satellite at the future time is calculated from the trajectory data obtained from each satellite. The predicted position for each satellite and the estimated position of the satellite positioning system receiver is then used to generate a line of sight matrix at the future time from which a position error bound is determined.